The method of application in different age groups. We make funny applications from paper with our kids Story application in kindergarten

16.04.2020

Introduction. 3

Initiation to the application for the program "Childhood" begins with the first junior group. The teacher is guided known feature children: aged 2-3 years healthy babies the emotional response to the offer to do something, to participate in something is pronounced, the child shows a willingness to act. And the main task of an adult is to support this activity, not to let it die out, to give it a creative character. This favorable period of childhood for the development of children's activity and independence should not be missed. The tasks solved at this age are elementary:

1. Teach actions with paper (tear, wrinkle, roll, cut off), help children see in paper a material that can be transformed and has its own properties and qualities: soft, dense, smooth, rough, shiny, matte, paper of different colors, wrinkled , torn, cut, rustling in different ways.

2. Give kids an idea of necessary tools and equipment for application: scissors, brush, glue, oilcloth.

3. Develop emotional responsiveness to an adult's offer to do something, a willingness to participate with him in creating elementary art crafts.

4. To develop interest, an emotionally positive attitude towards elementary actions with paper, the desire to independently perform them.

5. Develop aesthetic perception and feelings: recognize the resulting image, admire, rejoice "following" adults.

The first manual productive actions jointly with an adult, included in the context of creating a certain “product”, emotionally prepare the child for systematic and more meaningful participation in the application. The first attempts to transform the material do not require children to clearly perceive the shape, color; they do not yet participate in the conception of the image, but already in the fourth year of life, more complex tasks can be set in the application:

1. To teach children to make patterns from geometric shapes on a strip, square, rectangle, isosceles triangle.

2. To teach preschoolers to make simple objects from ready-made forms (herringbone, house, snowman), and elementary plots from familiar objects (a train with a trailer, a house with a Christmas tree)

3. Teach the children to hold the scissors correctly, cut narrow strips along the fold (bent in half), and then wider ones (a few strokes of the scissors).

Learn the technique of smearing paper parts glue: along the contour, “outlining” its edges with a brush with glue.

4. To form in children a conscious attitude to the order of work: first lay out the pattern (object, plot) on a sheet, and then take and paste each detail in turn.

5. To cultivate artistic taste in preschoolers.

AT middle group more complex tasks are solved:

1. Learn to cut out appliqué details from different materials(paper, cloth) simple ways- cut, cut, cut along the contour.

2. Involve children in creating applications from dry leaves, adjust the methods for gluing leaves to the base.

3. Enrich the content of applications by providing a wider acquaintance of children with the natural world, folk art objects, as well as a variety of details used (not only geometric shapes, but also plant ones).

4. Teach the children to arrange the details on rounded shapes: oval, circle, rosette.

According to the "Program of Education and Training", edited in the process of learning the application, the following tasks are set, which are presented in table 1.

Table 1

The tasks of teaching and educating children's applications preschool age

Age group	The tasks of training and education applications
Second junior group	1. To introduce applications to the art, to form interest in this type of activity. To teach children to pre-lay out on a sheet of paper the details prepared by the educator of various shapes, sizes, colors, lay them out in a certain sequence, making up the object conceived by the child or given by the educator, and then stick the resulting image on paper 2. Learn to use glue carefully: spread it with a brush with a thin layer on reverse side glued figure (on a specially prepared oilcloth), apply the side smeared with glue to a sheet of paper and press firmly with a napkin. 3. Cause in children the joy of the image they created. Build meticulous work skills. 4. To teach children to create in applications on paper of various shapes (square, rosette, etc.) not only subject, but also decorative compositions from geometric shapes and receiving materials, repeating and alternating them in shape and color. Develop a sense of rhythm.
middle group	1. Raise interest in the application, complicating its content and expanding the possibilities of creating a variety of images. 2. To form the ability to properly hold scissors and use them. Teach cutting, starting with the formation of the cutting skill in a straight line, first short, and then long stripes. Learn to compose from strips of images of various objects (fence, bench, ladder, tree, bush, etc.). Teaching children to cut round shapes from a square and oval from a rectangle by rounding the corners. Use this technique for images in the application of vegetables, fruits, berries, flowers, etc. 3. Continue to expand the number of objects depicted in the application (birds, animals, flowers, insects, houses, both real and imaginary) from ready-made forms. Teach children to transform these shapes by cutting them at the bottom or four parts (circle - into semicircles, quarters; square - into triangles, etc.). 4. Strengthen the skills of accurate cutting and gluing.
Senior group	1. Strengthen the ability to create images (cut paper into short and long strips; cut circles from squares, ovals from rectangles, convert one geometric shape to another: a square into 2-4 triangles, a rectangle into stripes, squares or small rectangles), create from these figures, images of various objects or decorative compositions. 2. Learn to cut out identical figures or their details from paper, folded accordion, and symmetrical images - from paper folded in half (glass, vase, flower, etc.). 3. Encourage the creation of subject and plot compositions, complement their details that enrich the images. 4. To form the skills of an accurate and careful attitude to materials.
preschool group	1. Continue to learn how to create subject and plot images from life and from representation: develop a sense of composition (beautifully arrange the figures on a sheet of paper in a format corresponding to the proportions of the objects depicted). 2. Develop the ability to make patterns and decorative compositions from geometric and floral elements on sheets of paper of various shapes; depict birds, animals according to the idea of children and but the motives of folk art. 3. When creating images, encourage the use of various techniques for cutting, tearing paper, gluing images (smearing them with glue completely and partially, creating the illusion of volume transfer); to teach the mosaic method of the image with a preliminary light designation with a pencil of the shape of the parts and details of the picture. Continue to develop a sense of color, color.

3. Features of methods and techniques and methods of teaching preschool children applications

Individual and collective forms of application can be of different content. Depending on this, it is customary to subdivide classes by type. This includes subject, plot-thematic and decorative applications. Each of these types presents the child with certain tasks related to specific features activities that consist in the purposeful application of visual and technical skills for cutting, laying out and pasting images in accordance with the conditions of the task. This in a new way reveals and activates the child's experience in the field of application, stimulates and develops his independence and creativity.

In the subject application, children master the ability to cut out of paper and paste on the background of individual subject images, which, due to the specifics of the activity, convey a somewhat generalized, even conditional image of the surrounding objects or their reflections in toys, pictures, samples of folk art. For application, the educator selects such items that are distinguished by a distinct configuration, simple shape, clear proportional relationships, and local coloring. Depending on these features, various cutting techniques are used. Thus, objects of a simple shape (ball, ball, cube, flag) are cut by eye from a workpiece close to the outlines of the object, while a complex shape is made up of separate parts. For example, a tumbler is cut out of four squares of different sizes by rounding the corners. Then the individual parts are glued in the following order: a smaller circle (head) is attached to the large circle and small circles (hands) are glued on the sides. The symmetrical cutting technique is used to transfer the mirror matching of the sides (butterfly, dragonfly, tulip, Snow Maiden, rocket) or uniform alternation of repeating parts from the center (chamomile, snowflake). Complex curvilinear contours of objects of an asymmetric structure are depicted by eye with a continuous movement of scissors along a mentally represented contour (birds, animals, fish).

At the initial stage, the kids lay out and stick an object from the parts prepared by the teacher: the ball - two halves of a different color; fungus - hat and leg; trolley - rectangular body and round wheels; garland - rectangular flags.

As they master the techniques of cutting out in the middle, senior and preparatory groups for school, children can depict objects that differ in a variety of shapes, structures, color combinations, and magnitude ratios (at home different types, transport, plants, birds, animals, people in real and fabulous interpretation).

The plot-thematic application assumes the ability to cut and paste various objects in interconnection in accordance with the theme or plot (“Chicken pecks grains”, “Gingerbread man is resting on a stump”, “Fish swim in an aquarium”, “Rooks build their nests on a tree”). In this case, the following tasks are set for the child:

Cut out objects, show their difference in size when compared with each other (a tall tree and small rooks, large and small fish);

Highlight the main subjects actors, connect them with the scene, the situation (fish swim in an aquarium, flowers grow in a meadow). The main thing is distinguished by size, color, compositional placement among other objects;

To convey the characteristic features of the characters and their actions through gestures, posture, clothing, coloring (the gingerbread man met the bear - the figures are pasted in the position of turning towards each other);

Arrange objects on the plane of the base: on the same line in a row horizontally and vertically, indicating the height of the objects (the street of our city, a cheerful round dance); create two-plan compositions - lower, higher, weakening the color, reducing the size of objects, taking into account their removal (boats in the sea, a flowering meadow with a strip of forest in the distance);

It is advisable to select and use color and its combinations to convey the season, the state of the weather, the relationship to the depicted objects and phenomena (golden autumn, winter in the forest, harvesting).

In each age group, these tasks are implemented differently. Their complication is associated with the level of knowledge, skills and abilities, on which the creative variability of the content of plot-thematic applications depends.

Already in junior group children are able to simply convey the content, show the relationship between homogeneous objects. From ready-made forms, they lay out and stick compositions (they fly yellow leaves, stars shine in the sky, bugs crawl in the grass). To do this, kids use bright color juxtapositions throughout the space of the sheet or place several objects in a row (mushrooms grow, dandelions bloom).

When choosing a topic for an application, the teacher takes into account the stock of children's ideas, the level of development of their visual and technical skills, the availability and relevance of the content to the age and interests of each child, as well as social life events, the natural and subject environment, the seasonality of phenomena.

The diversity of the surrounding life provides rich material for reflection in the applications of various plots. When planning classes with children of different ages, the teacher groups tasks by topic. They can reflect natural phenomena (falling leaves, snowfall, ice drift, flowering gardens, meadows, the life of animals, birds, insects, fish), the social life of the country (holidays, people's labor, heroic deeds, etc.), labor activity the children themselves (group duty, work at the kindergarten site, caring for plants, animals), games and entertainment. Tasks can also have an illustrative theme: according to the plots of fairy tales, stories, cartoons. The choice of a topic, the concretization of its content determine the compositional structure of the application, its color, and the methods of work available to children. Application plots can be interpreted differently depending on the age of the children. For example, children display the theme "Autumn" in different ways. In the younger group, they stick colorful leaves, “put” apples in a basket. In the middle group, the complication is due to an increase in the number of glued objects, their combination in size, color: “Autumn Park”, “Autumn flowers on the site”. Children of the older group cut and paste " autumn bouquet”, “A rich harvest of vegetables”, and in a group preparatory to school, this topic can find an even more original solution: “Autumn Still Life”, “Birds Flying to Warm Countries”.

Decorative appliqué is a type of ornamental activity during which children master the ability to cut and combine various elements of decoration (geometric, plant forms, generalized figures of birds, animals, humans) according to the laws of rhythm, symmetry, using bright color juxtapositions. In these classes, the child learns to stylize, decoratively transform real objects, generalize their structure, endow samples with new qualities.

In the ornament, the surrounding world is reflected with special brightness and brilliance. The ornamental artist seeks to convey in the patterns the main features, the general resemblance to the real object. Therefore, the outlines of plants, birds, and animals in ornaments are generalized, simplified, i.e., stylized. Simplicity and conciseness of images, brightness and colorfulness colors, endless repetition of decoration elements, their various combinations allow you to simplify and speed up the imaging process. These features are most clearly represented in samples of folk art: in paintings, embroidery, and carving. The decorative interpretation of a real object, its stylization, as a product of a person's creative imagination, creates a joyful elation and festivity of folk art.

Familiarization of children with folk ornaments, with ways to decorate the surface with patterns of varying degrees of complexity form the basis for teaching decorative appliqué in kindergarten.

In class at preschool decorative application with tape and central-beam composition is used. In a tape construction, individual elements can be repeated many times horizontally or vertically in the form of a frieze, border or border. The pattern is simple, consisting of one element, and complex, in which a separate motif is repeated after two or three elements. In the central beam composition, the pattern develops in the direction from the center of the decoration evenly to the edges, corners, sides, depending on what shape it is located on: on a circle, rectangle, square (skullcaps, carpets, pillowcases).

In a decorative application, a composition can be used in the form flower bouquet or a colorful flowerpot. Such decorations are often found in Ukrainian, Polish clippings from multi-colored paper when compiling large-sized wall decorations. They are characterized by a special decorative effect, elegance, which is emphasized by the symmetrical arrangement of the constituent elements.

The construction of ornamental elements according to the laws of composition depends on the shape and purpose of objects, as well as the historically established national traditions of ornamentation.

To reproduce different types of ornaments, preschool children must learn to evenly fill the background space with individual elements, to highlight the main and auxiliary parts of the application. In order to develop an eye and the ability to create balanced compositions in children, it is advisable to use visual teaching methods or limit yourself to verbal instructions if preschoolers are well aware of the methods of cutting and gluing individual elements. At the same time, it is important to direct the child's thought to the search for independent ways to make a pattern, its creative interpretation. Children each time must be convinced of the possibility of creating new, original pattern combinations, which is an important incentive for their active, creative attitude to meaningful activities.

How successfully preschoolers will master the methods of constructing ornaments largely depends on the interaction of two types of activities - decorative appliqué and decorative drawing. This combination of ornamental creativity helps to consolidate the learned techniques and transfer them to another, more complex type of activity, which differs in the technique of making patterns.

A beautifully selected color scheme of the pattern is the most important means of aesthetic education of the child, the development of his ability to perceive color and its harmony. Therefore, it is necessary to purposefully form a child's sense of color, the ability to select bright and soft colors, using not only spectral colors, but also a variety of halftones and shades, smooth color transitions.

In teaching children the selection of color combinations, the educator can be helped to some extent by skillfully selected examples of folk art. In many of them, pattern elements are located on a colored background, which in one case enhances the gamut of colors, in the other it softens it, and in general creates a rich color harmony. Thanks to the color base, the ornamental composition becomes clearer, its rhythm stands out, the consistency of the color of the elements and the base of the decorated surface is created.

Conclusion

In kindergarten, visual activity includes such activities as drawing, modeling, appliqué design. Each of these types has its own capabilities in displaying the child's impressions of the world around.

In the process of applique lessons, children get acquainted with simple forms various objects, parts and silhouettes of which they cut and paste.

Application is the simplest and most affordable way to create artwork, which preserves the realistic basis of the image itself. This makes it possible to widely use the application not only for design purposes (in the manufacture of visual aids, manuals for various games, toys, flags, souvenirs for holiday dates, design of wall newspapers, exhibitions, premises for children), but also in the creation of paintings, ornaments, etc.

The main features of the application are the silhouette, a generalized planar interpretation of the image, the uniformity of the color spot (locality) of large color spots.

The most interesting and accessible for preschool children is the application of brightly colored paper, the application of fabrics and natural material.

Recently, entertaining classes have been practiced in kindergartens, in which the applicative technique is the collage technique, which consists in the fact that materials of different textures are combined in the image. This technique can combine appliqué and collage, introduce collage into the colorful layer of a painting, and all this is done to create a unique artistic image.

Application classes in the collage technique or close to it, as a rule, are integrated in nature, as the educator introduces new technology, demonstrates its capabilities, teaches children techniques. To develop interest, integration with other activities is used: speech development, music, familiarization of children with works of art.

Synopsis of a collective lesson on applications in the middle group on the topic "Winter-winter"

Lesson type: Final, game - journey.

Methods and techniques: Visual-verbal: showing, explanations, encouragement, artistic word, game, interruption technique.

Purpose: Fixing the theme: "Winter".

Fix: “breaking” technique (snow flakes), stick them on the surface of the sheet; clarify children's ideas about the multi-colored snow; encourage the use of paper different shades for the image of snow flakes.

To develop in children: creativity; fine motor skills fingers; the ability to compositionally arrange "snow" on a sheet of paper; vocabulary (snow flakes, snowflakes); the ability to coordinate their actions with the work of the entire team.

To educate in children: love for the nature of their native land; friendly attitude towards each other; ability to interact with a group of children.

Arouse positive emotions in children.

Previous work: Classes on the topic "Winter"; looking at pictures, illustrations about winter, observing snow on a walk; guessing riddles, poems, stories about winter; photo exhibition "Zimushka - Winter" (rest and entertainment for children in nature).

Health-saving technologies: physical. minute, reflex mats, relaxation.

Equipment: TSO (tape recorder), CDs with recorded music, scenery, cape - Winter.

Material: paper of different colors and qualities, PVA glue, brushes, napkins, a finished winter landscape (made in the previous lesson) on A-3 paper.

STUDY PROCESS

Teacher: Hello children!

"Guess who

Sedentary Mistress?

Shake a feather -

Above the world of fluff! (Winter) / Answers of children /.

Educator: Winter is right, but do you want to visit Zimushka - Winter? /Answers of children/.

Educator: Okay, then let's hit the road - the path. (Children stand on reflex mats and close their eyes).

Educator: one, two, three fly into the winter forest! (Children "arrive" in the winter forest, where Winter meets them).

Winter: I welcome you to my winter forest, look how beautiful the forest is.

I'll give you a riddle

And you guess it

"He sits on everyone,

He's not afraid of anyone!" (Snow). /Answers of children/.

Winter: Now let's play. (Physical minute “Snowball” is being held).

Look at how it glitters Raise your hands up and gently shake

hands.

Under the feet crunches Stomp their feet.

Little white snow, Gradually squat down.

Light as fluff. They show with their hands how it snows.

The wind is blowing, the wind is blowing, Smooth movements of the hands to the right - to the left.

And flies, flies a snowball, Smooth hand movements from top to bottom.

Spinning, sparkling, spinning,

He flew over the meadow. Gently raise your hands up and down.

And then he fell to the ground. sit down,

Stayed there until spring. Hug your knees.

Winter: Children, I want to invite you to my snow workshop. Do you want to visit there? /Answers of children/.

Winter: One, two, three, come into the workshop. (Children enter the workshop).

Winter: Children, let's remember what snowflakes can be made of? /Answers of children/.

The right way to cut. And you can also make snowflakes, snow with a cutting technique, then you get “snow flakes”, which look more expressive than when cutting with scissors.

(Children “make” snow, at this time the teacher prepares the picture that they did in the previous lesson “Winter Landscape”).

Winter: Children, "snow flakes" can "fly" through the air.

“...White snow is fluffy

Spinning across the sky

And the earth is quiet

Falls, lays down ... "

When snowflakes "fall" on the ground, they are not located strictly side by side, randomly, in an overlay. (After the majority has coped with the manufacture of "snow", "flakes" are pasted). If the children took the initiative and used paper of different shades, then the teacher wonders why they did so. If the choice was not made by chance, then he praises the child and reminds him of the many colors of snow. Perhaps for the image of "snowflakes" children will use only one color. In this case, the teacher does not interrupt the process of their work. But after the "white flakes" are pasted, you need to draw the attention of the children to the sun, clouds, which should be reflected on the snowy surface. As a result, a snowy multicolor appears, which is easy to depict using paper of different shades.

Winter: Well done! You did a good job. And now it's time for you to return to kindergarten, and in memory of the fact that you were my guest, I give you the composition that you made on the theme "Winter - Winter". And now it's time for you to go. Here is a snowflake, it will help you on the way, find a kindergarten. To do this, you need to say "magic" words. (Children stand on reflex mats, the music “Winter Melody” sounds).

"Fly, fly, snowflake,

Circle around the earth

And look at the kindergarten!

Summing up the lesson.

Bibliography

1. Bogateeva 3. A. Application classes in kindergarten.- M .: Education, 1988.- 224 p.

2. Gribovskaya A. Application in kindergarten (for children 3-5 years old). - M: Development, 2005. - 203p.

3. Grigorieva preschooler in visual activity. - M .: Academy, 2000. - 344 p.

4. Gusakova. - M.: Infra-M, 20s.

5. Childhood: Program for the development and education of children in kindergarten / Ed. , . - M .: Childhood - Press, 2004. - 244 p.

6., Ermolaeva in kindergarten. - Yaroslavl: Academy of Development, 2007. - 144p.

7. The program of education and training in kindergarten / Ed. , . - M .: Mosaic - Synthesis, 2005. - 208s.

8. Repin products. - Minsk: Special technology, 20s.

9. - Application. - M .: World of Books, 2010. - 144 p.

10. Williams M. Silk ribbon. Embroidery. Application. Creation of volumetric images. - M.: Eksmo-Press, 2000. - 128s.

Rumyantsev. - M., 2010. - P.5.

Bogateeva 3. A. Application classes in kindergarten. - M., 1988.- P.34.

Repin product. - Minsk, 2006. - P.16.

Williams M. Silk ribbon. Embroidery. Application. Creation of volumetric images. - M., 2000. - P.12.

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The program of education and training in kindergarten / Ed. , . - M., 2005. - 208.

Application- one of the types applied arts, used to decorate various objects by attaching cut-out decorative or thematic shapes to the main background.

The originality of the application lies both in the nature of the image and in the technique of its execution.

The image in the application has a great conventionality compared to other types of planar images - drawing, painting. The application is characterized by a more generalized form, almost without details. Most often, a local color is used, without shades, and one color sometimes differs sharply from another.

As a means of decoration, the application creates a kind of decorative effect.

The simplicity and ease of execution of the application make it accessible to children's creativity. Children can either use ready-made shapes painted in certain colors or create compositions by cutting out elements of patterns, plot images, etc.

Application lessons helpon the one hand, the formation of visual skills andvykov, on the other - the development of children's creative abilities.

In kindergarten, you can use the following classification of application work:

-according to the materials used: in kindergarten, applications can be made of paper, fabric, natural materials, collage.

An application made from natural materials (dried grass, flowers, leaves, etc.) is called - floristics . Collage - a creative genre, when a work is created from cut out various images.

- according to the execution technique:mosaic ; tearing the edges of the paper ; cut-out applique .

- by color scheme: monochrome ;polychrome

- by methods of fixing parts based on: with glue, on plasticine

Application execution sequence:

1. thinking over the composition

2. paper selection

3. workpiece parts

4. image details are placed on the background

5. Sticking and drying the details of the image

Cutting methods

Cutting out paper folded in half (symmetrical cutting). Cutting out of paper folded "accordion" (parosymmetric ).

Silhouette cutting.

Cutting techniques: rectilinear, curvilinear.

10. Methodology for managing the application in groups of different ages.

Such scientists as Bogateeva Z.N., Gorunovich L.B., Komarova T.S., Kosminskaya V.V. and others were engaged in the peculiarities of the development of a preschooler in the application activity.

Junior preschool age. Taking into account the characteristics of children of this age, the specifics of the application work, they are not given scissors: children receive all the details or parts of them ready-made. Of great importance is the material for work and the organization of the learning process. The children of this group cannot yet use general material, since they do not know how to quickly distinguish shapes and colors.

When the teacher finishes the explanation and distributes the forms, the children lay them out on the sheet in accordance with the assignment. The teacher checks the correct arrangement of the elements. After that, put glue on the tables. It is recommended to start acquaintance with the elements (parts) of the application with a circle and a square, since these figures, especially the circle, do not require children to have complex spatial orientation on a sheet of paper: no matter how you put the circle, it will still lie correctly.

Learning subject images begins with simple ones, consisting of 2-3 parts, gradually leading to more complex ones: from subject to decorative subject app.

Methods and techniques:Detailed examination of the image object The examination is accompanied by various surprise moments

The main methodological technique - showing the mode of action against the background of the game. Creation of problematic situations.

Middle preschool age.

In the middle group, the teacher directs the main attention to teaching children the technique of working with scissors: children are taught how to properly hold scissors and use them, cut paper in a straight line, make oblique cuts and cut out rounded objects. Improving gluing technique.

Methods and techniques of teaching.

One of the leading teaching methods in the classroom is information-receptive, including review and analysis object to be depicted.

In the middle group, cutting is introduced for the first time. Therefore, the focus is on mastering the technique of working with scissors. , demonstration of tricks cutting (information-receptive method). It is carried out in two stages: 1 - display with verbal accompaniment, 2 - only visual.

Effective in some cases reproductive method - pack expression in one way or another.

Techniques of work are also demonstrated when a new method of making appliqués is introduced. termination method paper for the image of objects of uneven fluffy texture. Increasing role layer va. To convey figurativeness, expressiveness in work, it is good to use art word .

Problem tasks by application, they can be aimed at mastering the process of building compositions from prepared forms, the method of cutting, cutting, etc.

Senior preschool age.

At each lesson, the teacher pays attention to how children cut and paste images in general - the quality of the work depends on this.

In addition, children perform various works by design, learn to independently solve a particular topic.

Methods and techniques. Older preschoolers already have a certain visual experience, so such methodological techniques as study sample, showing how it works are used in directing the visual activity of children, but much less often - only in cases where it is necessary to refer to a completely new object Images . However, we use: observation. We focus the attention of children on the characteristic features of the depicted object, teach them to “peer” at it, analyze, compare, generalize. Reliance on past experience.

Problem-creative tasks and experimentation. Methods aimed at developing the creative potential of children, cognitive and aesthetic interests; the formation of self-esteem.

AT senior group caregiver uses verbal methods learning, as children already have sufficient experience in making applications.

The educator takes care of the children less, stimulates their individual creative abilities more, develops independence, tries to indirectly lead the children to the right decision.

Application analysis is carried out with the active participation of children. As before, the teacher pays attention to the expressiveness of the work, visual features, the quality of cutting, making higher demands in comparison with the average group; teaches to critically evaluate their work, compare it with others.

Karagandy kalasynyn bіlіm bolіmі

№121 "Ainalayyn" bөbek-baқshasy ҚМҚК

Department of education of the city of Karaganda

KGKP No. 121 I \\ with "Ainalaiyn"

Completed by a teacher of the II category

Davydova E.N.

Topic: "Possibilities of the application"

G.Karaganda

2015

Consultation for educators

"Application Features"

preschool childhood - age stage decisively determining the further development of man. It is generally recognized that this is the period of the birth of a personality, the initial disclosure of the child's creative powers, the formation of the foundations of individuality.

Children should live in a world of beauty, games, fairy tales, music, drawing, fantasy, creativity. (V. A. Sukhomlinsky)

Plan:

1. Application history

2. The essence and significance of the application for the development of the child

3.Goals and objectives of the application

4. Types of application, material for application

5. Features of methods and techniques for teaching children applications

1. Application - from lat. applicatio - application.

The application was born a very long time ago. It appeared as a way to decorate clothes and shoes, household utensils and tools, the interior of your home.

Perhaps the first impetus for the appearance of the appliqué was the need to sew skins for clothes, and the first stitch suggested to a person that they can not only connect the details of clothing, but also decorate it. Details cut from these materials began to be attached to clothing. This is how the app was born.

Animals, birds, people themselves, fantastic monsters, beautiful flowers and plants, scenes of hunting and everyday life became the plot.

Different peoples use a wide variety of materials for appliqué: Tuvans, for example, when decorating a horse saddle, combine leather with the golden-yellow bark of a steppe shrub in appliqué, which creates a game of chiaroscuro and volume that is unique in its originality and beauty.

For many centuries, the application has been widely used and distributed not only in Asia, but also in Europe: Italy, Spain, Germany, France. The application reached great popularity during the time of chivalry. Wars, tournaments led to the appearance of generic signs - coats of arms. Coats of arms must be clearly visible from both sides, which led to the development of appliqué embroidery.

Paper appliqué has replaced the fabric appliqué. It is associated with the beginning of paper production. Black silhouettes cut out of paper were considered the youngest type of appliqué.

The art of the silhouette was revived in France. The very name silhouette appeared here. At the court of King Louis XVwas Minister of Finance Etienne Silhouette. Due to the circumstances, he had to retire, he had no choice but to cut out his favorite pictures from black paper. So a new hobby appeared - cutting out silhouettes. Black silhouette art began to be used as decoration in the homes of Russian nobles.

Tolstoy's silhouettes are notable for their high artistic skill, they are made with fine jewelry. Often the artist resorts to such techniques as cuts and pricks in the image of water and foliage of trees.

The Soviet artist E.E. devoted her talent to this rare art. Lebedev. She was fond of paper cutting in childhood, while still studying at the gymnasium.

In ornaments, applications E.E. Lebedeva - the motives of the nature of the middle zone, where she was born and lived almost all her life. On her applications you can see openwork night violets, bouquets of lilies of the valley with ferns, lindens, bird cherry branches, birds on branches, squirrels, pigeons, ornaments.
Applications paid attention famous artists foreign countries.

The applications of the French painter Henri Matisse are interesting and original.

main role color plays. Matisse believed that colors should support each other, not destroy. He argued that the colors that can be used to depict objects and natural phenomena, in themselves, quite independently of these objects, have the power to influence the feelings of the audience.

In each application, he took 4-5 tones, but selected them in such a way as to express the essence of decorativeness and richness of color as such.
Calling up individual figures and shapes, changing colors and shapes, Matisse created a number of colorful decorative works: the mythological image of Icarus, the character of Ch. Perro's fairy tale "Little Red Riding Hood" - the Wolf, the symbolic image "Fate", a memory of the island of Haiti.

It has long been famous in Ukraine, in Belarus patterned paper clippings - vitinyanki. it simple decorations, cut out of colored paper, which have clear, purely grammatical forms. The easiest way to cut is to fold the paper in half. Trees, vases, birds were cut out of paper folded in half, and round dances were cut out of paper folded several times.

Most often, girls and women were fond of this, working with scissors without a preliminary drawing.

Even paintings with simple plots were created from paper, where birds, animals, fish, plants, and architectural structures were depicted. The clippings were pasted on the walls, windows, in the piers.

The concept of "application" includes ways to create works of art from materials that are different in their properties and texture, united by the similarity of the execution technique. Each material has its own characteristics, which have a decisive influence on the application technique. For example, paper, straw, dried plants, birch bark are attached to the background with various adhesives; poplar fluff is superimposed on velvet paper.

Application is one of the types of graphic activity based on cutting out, overlaying various forms and fixing them on another material, taken as the background, the simplest and most affordable way to create artwork.

The main features of the application aresilhouette, planar generalized interpretation of the image, the locality of large color spots.

The application can be subject, consisting of separate images; plot, displaying a set of actions, events; decorative, including ornaments, patterns that can be used to decorate various objects.

one of the types of visual technique based on cutting out various shapes and gluing them, sewing them on another material, taken as a background. Various materials are used for application: straw, birch bark, fabric, leather, fur, poplar fluff, paper.

Appliqué is a popular and effective decoration for any garment: blouses, skirts, sweaters and evening dresses. They are a distinctive feature of children's clothing. They look very attractive on aprons, pot holders, napkins, tablecloths, pillows, rugs, etc. It can also be used to repair clothing, hiding extra seams, defects, inserts or loops.

Application - a way to create ornaments or artistic images by imposing on paper, fabric, etc. varied material.

2. In preschool age, the process of cognition in a child occurs in an emotional and practical way. Each preschooler is a little explorer, discovering the world around him with joy and surprise. The child strives for vigorous activity, and it is important not to let this desire not fade away, to promote its further development. The fuller and more diverse the children's activity, the more significant it is for the child and corresponds to his nature, the more successful his development is, the potential opportunities and the first creative manifestations are realized.

One of the closest and most natural activities for a preschool child is visual activity. Visual activity in kindergarten is an effective means of understanding reality. This activity helps the development and formation of visual perceptions, imagination, spatial representations, memory, feelings and other mental processes. Such personality traits as perseverance, purposefulness, accuracy, diligence are formed.

In the process of visual activity, preschoolers learn a number of graphic and pictorial skills and abilities, learn to analyze objects and phenomena of the world around them. This activity is important for the development of fine motor skills of the fingers, their muscles, coordination of movements.

3. Work With various materials, in different artistic techniques expands the child's capabilities, develops a sense of color, harmony, space of imagination, imaginative thinking, creative abilities.

pictorial activity has great importance in solving the problems of aesthetic education, since by its nature it is an artistic activity, and in particular, the application affects comprehensive development and education of preschoolers.

- mental education - the stock of knowledge is gradually expanding on the basis of ideas about the various forms and spatial position of objects in the surrounding world, various sizes, and the variety of shades of colors. Mental operations analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization are formed. Children's speech develops, vocabulary is enriched, coherent speech is formed, figurative, coherent speech develops. When conducting classes, favorable conditions are created for the formation of such personality traits as inquisitiveness, initiative, mental activity, independence.

- Touch brought up ie - direct, sensitive acquaintance with objects and phenomena, with their properties and qualities.

- moral education - visual activity (application) should be used to educate children in love for all the best, fair. Moral and volitional qualities are brought up: to bring what has been started to the end, to work with concentration and purposefully, to help a friend, to overcome difficulties, etc.

- Labor education - here are combined mental and physical activity. The ability to cut, handle scissors, use a brush and glue requires a certain amount of physical strength, labor skills. The participation of children in preparing for classes and cleaning up after them contributes to the formation of diligence.

- Aesthetic education - a sense of color - when an aesthetic feeling arises from the perception of beautiful color combinations. The sense of rhythm arises when, first of all, the rhythmic harmony of an object, the rhythmic arrangement of its parts, is perceived. A sense of proportion - constructive integrity is developed when perceiving a variety of buildings. Gradually, children develop artistic taste.

. The following tasks are solved in the training of the application:

Compose a decorative pattern from various geometric shapes and plant (leaf, flower) details, placing them in a certain rhythm on a cardboard or fabric base of various shapes;

Compose images of an object from separate parts; portray the story;

master various equipment obtaining parts for appliqué from different materials: cutting with different techniques, cutting, weaving; as well as the technique of gluing, sewing;

To form feelings of color and their shades, to master skills, to make harmonious color combinations;

To form a sense of form, proportion, composition.

Currently, educators of preschool educational institutions use application teaching techniques for children, namely:

1. Compose a decorative pattern of various paper geometric shapes and plant (leaf, flower) details, arranged in a certain rhythm on a cardboard base.

2. Compose image of an object made of colored paper from separate parts; portray the story.

3. Master various techniques for obtaining details for paper appliqué: cutting with different techniques, cutting, weaving; as well as the technique of attaching them to the base.

4. Compose image of an object (plot) using the origami technique.

4. Application can be:

- subject, consisting of individual images (leaf, branch, tree, bird, flower, animal, person, etc.);

- plot , displaying certain events;

- decorative, including ornaments, patterns with which you can decorate various objects.

Break application.

This method is good for conveying the texture of the image (fluffy chicken, curly cloud). In this case, we tear the paper into pieces and make an image out of them. Children 5-7 years old can complicate the technique: not just tear pieces of paper, as it turns out, but pluck or cut off the outline drawing. Breakaway applique is very useful for developing fine motor skills and creative thinking.

Overlay application.

This technique allows you to get a multi-color image. We conceive the image and consistently create it, overlaying and gluing the details in layers so that each next detail is smaller than the previous one in size.

Modular application (mosaic).

With this technique, the image is obtained by gluing many identical shapes. As a basis for a modular application, cut out circles, squares, triangles, or simply torn pieces of paper can be used.

symmetrical application.

For symmetrical images, a blank is a square or rectangle made of paper right size- fold in half, hold by the fold, cut out half of the image.

Tape application.

This method allows you to get not one or two, but many identical images, separate or interconnected. To make a ribbon applique, you need to take a wide sheet of paper, fold it like an accordion and cut out the image.

Silhouette application.

This method is available to children who are good with scissors. They will be able to cut complex silhouettes along a drawn or imaginary outline.

Quilling.

Quilling (English quilling - from the word quill (bird feather)), also paper rolling - the art of making flat or voluminous compositions from long and twisted spirals narrow strips paper.

Facing.

Facing is one of the types of paper needlework. This technique can be attributed both to the method of application and to the type of quilling. With the help of facing, you can create amazing three-dimensional paintings, mosaics, panels, decorative interior elements, postcards. This technique is quite popular, interest in it is explained unusual effect"fluffiness" and an easy way to perform it.

Collage.

Collage (from French collage - gluing) - a technique in fine arts, which consists in the creation of paintings or graphic works by gluing objects and materials that differ from the base in color and texture onto any base. A collage is also called a work entirely made in this technique. Collage is used mainly to obtain the effect of surprise from a combination of dissimilar materials, as well as for the emotional richness and sharpness of the work..

Origami.

Origami (jap. "folded paper") - a type of arts and crafts; the ancient art of paper folding. Classic origami is made up of square sheet paper and prescribes the use of a single sheet of paper without the use of glue and scissors.

Napkin application.

Napkins - very interesting material for children's creativity. You can make different crafts from them. This type of creativity has a number of advantages: - the ability to create masterpieces without scissors; - development of fine motor skills of small hands; - development of tactile perception, using paper of various textures; - ample opportunities for creativity.

corrugated paper.

Corrugated paper is one type of so-called ornamental paper. Compared to ordinary paper, it appeared relatively recently. It is very soft, delicate and pleasant to the touch. The children love the gorgeous colors and enjoy working with it in their art classes. This is an excellent decorative and ornamental material that allows you to create decorations, colorful toys, original garlands and magnificent bouquets, costumes that can be a great gift for the holiday.

Fabric applique.

Fabric appliqué is a type of embroidery. Appliqué embroidery consists in reinforcing pieces of another fabric on a certain background of fabric. Fabric applications are reinforced either by sewing or gluing. Fabric appliqué can be subject, plot and decorative; one-color, two-color and multi-color.

Making appliqué from fabric requires certain skills. Firstly, one must be able to cut fabric (fabric is more difficult to cut than paper); Secondly. The edges of the fabric can crumble and complicate the work.

Cereal application.

For young children it is useful to develop fine motor skills. Touching objects with your fingers, learning to make plucked movements, of course, is important. But for children, aged older than a year It is interesting to see the result of your work immediately. The application of cereals becomes the most attractive for them in this regard. With cereals, you can create different crafts with kids. To do this, semolina, rice, millet are painted in various colors using gouache and water.

Straw application.

Straw appliqués are extraordinarily attractive, they shimmer with gold. This happens because the straw has a glossy surface and longitudinally arranged fibers. These fibers reflect light as much as possible only in a certain position. Composed of shapes at different angles in relation to the light. The application conveys a unique game: it shines like gold. These can be paintings, ornamental stripes, bookmarks for books, caskets, frames.

Application of dried plants.

At present, the application of flowers, grass, leaves, the so-called floristry, has gained wide popularity. Working with natural material is quite accessible to students and preschool children. Fascinating, interesting and useful communication with nature. It develops creativity, thinking, observation, diligence.

Classes with natural material contribute to the education in children of love for their native nature, respect for it. They are also useful because the collection and preparation of natural material takes place in the air.

Volume application

Almost all children like colored paper crafts, you can make applications, voluminous crafts

5. The tasks and content of the training application are specified taking into account the accumulation of experience and development of the child. Introduction to the application begins with the first junior group.At the age of 2-3 years children have a pronounced emotional response to the proposal to do something, to participate in something, the child shows a willingness to act. And the main task of an adult is to support this activity.

The tasks to be solved at this age are elementary:

To teach actions with paper (tear off, crumple, roll up, cut off), help children see in paper a material that can be transformed and has its own properties and qualities: soft, dense, smooth, rough, shiny, matte; paper of different colors, wrinkled, torn, cut in different rustles;

Develop emotional responsiveness to an adult's offer to do something, a willingness to participate with him in creating elementary art crafts;

To give the kids an idea of the necessary tools and equipment for the application: scissors, brush, glue, oilcloth;

To develop interest, an emotionally positive attitude towards elementary actions with paper, the desire to independently perform them;

Develop aesthetic perception and feelings: recognize the resulting image, admire, rejoice “following” adults.

The actions of children with paper are gradually becoming more complicated. In the fourth year of a child's life, the tasks are more complex:

To teach children to make patterns from geometric shapes on a strip, square, rectangle, isosceles triangle;

To teach preschoolers to make simple objects from ready-made forms (herringbone, house, snowman ...), and elementary plots from familiar objects (a train with trailers ...);

Learn to hold scissors correctly, cut narrow strips along the fold, and then wider ones; to teach the technique of spreading paper parts with glue: along the contour, outlining its edges with a brush with glue;

To form in children a conscious attitude to the order in which work is performed: from the beginning, lay out a pattern (object, plot) on a sheet, and then take and paste each detail in turn;

Cultivate artistic taste.

In the middle group, more complex tasks are solved:

Learn to cut out details for applique from different materials (paper, fabric) in simple ways - cut, cut, cut along the contour;

Involve children in creating applications from dry leaves, adjust the methods of gluing leaves to the base;

Enrich the content of the applications, ensuring a wider acquaintance of children with the natural world, folk art, etc., as well as a variety of details used (geometric and plant forms);

Learn to place parts on rounded shapes: oval, circle, rosette.

In senior preschool As children age, they master a more complex cutting technique - symmetrical, silhouette, multi-layered, as well as cutting, weaving techniques. They can combine technology. Children learn new ways of attaching parts: sewing them to fabric. Expanding the content of the application. Children create more complex decorative patterns. Subject applications with a large number of details become more complex.

The systematic teaching of children in a variety of applications from various materials creates the basis for the creative expression of a preschooler in independent activities.

The relationship of the application with other areas and activities.

Application is closely relatedwith construction, with artistic, manual labor - this is a kind of artistic activity, since the child creates not just useful, but beautiful, expressive objects, things. Design is made of paper, as well as with the help of sewing.

The application is closely related tomathematics, there is a consolidation geometric shapes, sizes, quantities and counts, orientation on a sheet of paper.

The application is associated withspeech development , as the vocabulary of children is replenished, coherent speech develops. Associated withdrawing, sculpting - colors, shapes are fixed, imagination develops.

Creating beautiful applications with their own hands, seeing the result of their work, children experience positive emotions. Working with paper and other materials gives children the opportunity to show patience, perseverance, imagination and taste. It is pleasant for children to decorate a group room with their works, to give them to their parents and friends.

Literature

1. G.G. Grigorieva “Visual activity of preschoolers”: Publishing Center “Academy”, Moscow. 1997.

2. Under. edited by T.S. Komarova "Methodology of visual activity and design": "Enlightenment" - Moscow. 1985

3. M.A. Gusakov "Application": Moscow, "Enlightenment". 1982

4. N.P. Sakulina, T.S. Komarov “Visual activity in kindergarten”: Moscow, “Enlightenment”. 1982

5. Z.A. Pogateeva “Applique classes in kindergarten”: Moscow, “Enlightenment”. 1988

6. Under. edited by N.P. Sakulina “Methods of teaching drawing, modeling and application in kindergarten”: Moscow, “Prosveshchenie”. 1971.

7.Means of the Internet

8. "Volumetric application in kindergarten" I.V. Novikova.2011 Publisher

Development Academy

9. "Application in kindergarten" A.A. Gribovskaya.

Preschool childhood is an age stage that decisively determines the further development of a person. It is generally recognized that this is the period of the birth of a personality, the initial disclosure of the child's creative powers, the formation of the foundations of individuality (L.S. Vygotsky, A.V. Zaporozhets, A.N. Leontiev, J. Piaget, S.L. Rubinshtein, D.B. Elkonin and others).

At preschool age, the process of cognition in a child occurs in an emotional and practical way. Each preschooler is a little explorer, discovering the world around him with joy and surprise. The child strives for vigorous activity, and it is important not to let this desire not fade away, to promote its further development. The fuller and more diverse the children's activity, the more significant it is for the child and corresponds to his nature, the more successful his development is, the potential opportunities and the first creative manifestations are realized.

Visual activity is of great importance in solving the problems of aesthetic education, since by its nature it is an artistic activity, and in particular, the application affects the comprehensive development and upbringing of a preschooler.

Mental education - the stock of knowledge is gradually expanding on the basis of ideas about the various forms and spatial position of objects in the surrounding world, various sizes, and a variety of shades of colors. Mental operations analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization are formed. Children's speech develops, vocabulary is enriched, coherent speech is formed, figurative, coherent speech develops. When conducting classes, favorable conditions are created for the formation of such personality traits as inquisitiveness, initiative, mental activity, independence.

Sensory education is a direct, sensitive acquaintance with objects and phenomena, with their properties and qualities.

Moral education - visual activity (application) should be used to educate children in love for everything that is best, fair. Moral and volitional qualities are brought up: to bring what has been started to the end, to work with concentration and purposefully, to help a friend, to overcome difficulties, etc.

Labor education - here mental and physical activity are combined. The ability to cut, handle scissors, use a brush and glue requires a certain amount of physical strength, labor skills. The participation of children in preparing for classes and cleaning up after them contributes to the formation of diligence.

Aesthetic education - a sense of color - when an aesthetic sense arises from the perception of beautiful color combinations. The sense of rhythm arises when, first of all, the rhythmic harmony of an object, the rhythmic arrangement of its parts, is perceived. A sense of proportion - constructive integrity is developed when perceiving a variety of buildings. Gradually, children develop artistic taste.

Application translated from Latin means "attaching". This is one of the types of fine art. It is based on cutting out various details and applying them to the background in a certain order. Details are fixed on the basis with the help of various adhesives, threads.

Currently, the application can use a variety of elements: different kinds paper, fabrics, threads, straws, fur, shells, sand, birch bark, dried plants, leaves, seeds and other natural materials.

Application as one of the visual techniques originated quite a long time ago. Since time immemorial, it has been used to decorate clothes, shoes, tools, and household utensils. Most likely, it was the need to sew skins that laid the foundation for decorating clothes, and not just connecting its details. Much later, pieces of felt, fur, leather of various colors and shades began to be attached to clothes. And so the application was born. The subjects for her were birds, animals, people, beautiful plants and flowers. Later, threads, metal and chased plates, beads, and beads began to be used.

After paper was invented, people began to make paper applications. Flat silhouettes, book illustrations, household and battle scenes were cut out of dark paper. Both noble and poor people were fond of this.

At present, the application has firmly entered our lives. People are doing it different ages.

Application can be:

Subject, consisting of individual images (leaf, branch, tree, bird, flower, animal, person, etc.);

Plot, displaying certain events;

Decorative, including ornaments, patterns that can be used to decorate various objects.

Currently, educators of preschool educational institutions are leaning towards the traditional technique of teaching children applications, namely:

1. Compose a decorative pattern from various paper geometric shapes and plant (leaf, flower) details, arranging them in a certain rhythm on a cardboard base.

2. Compose an image of an object from colored paper from separate parts; portray the story.

3. Master various techniques for obtaining details for paper appliqué: cutting with different techniques, cutting, weaving; as well as the technique of attaching them to the base.

4. Compose an image of an object (plot) using the origami technique.

And it is rare to find teachers who use non-traditional application techniques in their work.

Working with various materials, in various artistic techniques expands the child's capabilities, develops a sense of color, harmony, imagination space, imaginative thinking, and creative abilities.

Break application.

Overlay application.

Modular application (mosaic).

With this technique, the image is obtained by gluing many identical shapes. As a basis for a modular application, cut out circles, squares, triangles, or simply torn pieces of paper can be used.

symmetrical application.

For symmetrical images, we fold the blank - a square or rectangle of paper of the desired size - in half, hold it by the fold, cut out half of the image.

Tape application.

Silhouette application.

This method is available to children who are good with scissors. They will be able to cut complex silhouettes along a drawn or imaginary outline.

Quilling.

Quilling (English quilling - from the word quill (bird feather)), also paper rolling - the art of making flat or voluminous compositions from long and narrow strips of paper twisted into spirals.

Facing.

Facing is one of the types of paper needlework. This technique can be attributed both to the method of application and to the type of quilling. With the help of facing, you can create amazing three-dimensional paintings, mosaics, panels, decorative interior elements, postcards. This technique is quite popular, the interest in it is due to the unusual effect of "fluffiness" and the easy way to perform it.

Collage (from French collage - gluing) is a technique in the visual arts, which consists in creating paintings or graphic works by gluing objects and materials that differ from the base in color and texture onto a base. A collage is also called a work entirely made in this technique. Collage is used mainly to obtain the effect of surprise from the combination of dissimilar materials, as well as for the emotional richness and sharpness of the work.

Origami (jap. "folded paper") - a type of arts and crafts; the ancient art of paper folding. Classical origami is folded from a square sheet of paper and prescribes the use of one sheet of paper without the use of glue and scissors.

Napkin application.

Napkins are a very interesting material for children's creativity. You can make different crafts from them. This type of creativity has a number of advantages: - the ability to create masterpieces without scissors; - development of fine motor skills of small hands; - development of tactile perception, using paper of various textures; - ample opportunities for creativity.

Corrugated paper.

Fabric applique.

Cereal application.

For young children it is useful to develop fine motor skills. Touching objects with your fingers, learning to make plucked movements, of course, is important. But children over the age of one year are interested in seeing the result of their work immediately. The application of cereals becomes the most attractive for them in this regard. With cereals, you can create different crafts with kids. To do this, semolina, rice, millet are painted in various colors using gouache and water.

Straw application.

Application of dried plants.

Applications for children are one of the most favorite games and fun. But it is precisely by playing that the little ones learn! They are gradually mastered in the world of colors and shapes. And yet, they get satisfaction from the fact that they themselves, with their own hands, can create beauty. And if parents want to help their child, we will suggest ideas for colored paper applications.

What we can offer:

Schemes and stencils for applications of different figures: flowers, animals, insects and fairy-tale characters.
Let's show what entertaining non-traditional application techniques are.
And, of course, we will give you a lot of positive! We are sure you will have fun with us!

And most importantly, all these children's applications for toddlers of different ages. And in a year the child will be interested in playing, and the more adult will enjoy this activity. Why? Because we have prepared a collection that includes applications for children with different abilities.

For the little ones

Who said that the plot application is difficult? Even the younger group can handle some types of applications. We will now create a beautiful basket, and there are flowers in it.

What we may need for the application:

Colored thin paper;
Cardboard;
Pencil;
Stencils;
Glue.

Hedgehog

Applications for the smallest are creativity, where the abilities of even the tiniest fidget are taken into account. And this example with a “hedgehog” is just right for little ones, which by the age of three they still cannot cut and glue, but they will do a great job of participating in the work. How?

Ladybug voluminous

This application is perfect for children 3-4 years old. It is very easy to make.

Application execution sequence:

Flower meadow

This glade is an application in the younger group for children 4 years old. It can be any size and color. And several kids can work together on it at the same time. It is important only for each of them to indicate his scope of work.

Lesson in 3 stages:

Little funny chicken

Can be cooked in a very original way. holiday cards. This will help the application in the preparatory group.

You need to cut out the following details:

chick

Toddlers think abstractly, for them such a trifle as the color or shape of a character does not matter, if at the same time his image conveys emotions similar to children's. But how to make the application just such that the baby feels your soul mate? Here's a great example!

Meet Chypa! Him:

The body is a square;
Eye - 2 circles (black and white, and white with a little more);
The beak is a triangle;
The paws are also triangular;
Wing - a semicircle;
The crest is a crescent.

And now, trust the little one, let him choose what will be what color! Explain that each figure indicates why the bird is doing this. Is it really interesting? So, finding the right stencils for applications is already a game. It remains only to glue everything!

Sun

We complicate the task. We have to help the kids learn how to make a panel application. There are many details that are both a background and an independent part of the picture. The central part is the mischievous muzzle of the smiling Sun.

Leave the smile to your kitten. Or you can print ready-made muzzles:

And do yourself the preparation of yellow, golden and orange circles of different sizes.

We collect on blue background picture.

You can stick circles in the form of rays, or in a circle, the main thing is to alternate their colors. The Sun itself will be placed in the middle of the panel.

Lilac

Probably, a broken appliqué is the sweetest and most gentle thing you can imagine. She just looks so fluffy that I can't believe it's all made. A torn appliqué acquires such an effect due to small uneven parts assembled into one composition.

Bouquet

These are not just flowers, but a structure that will stand. In this case, we will make all parts of the plant. Flowers, leaves and stems. This simple application in the middle group will be mastered by children very quickly.

Snowman

we did with you Greeting Cards, an invitation to a celebration, paintings and even a memory of your little one's childhood. But now we will try to make a Christmas tree toy.

And since it consists of two bases and 16 circles, we print out templates for applications, this will allow you to quickly, and not linger on preparatory work, go to the design of the toy.

More about preparations. The base is 2 circles of the same size, drawn with a figure eight. Additional circles are equal in diameter to those in the base.
We also need a rope 4 times the length of the base. and decorative beads.

glade

Glade is a multi-composition application in kindergarten for children 5-6 years old. Here we will get acquainted with the models that must first be made, and only then fixed on the basis. Volumetric types of applications are made in such an original pattern.

Our base is blue cardboard. This is the sky. The sun is shining. Grass grows in which flowers bloom. And above them flutter butterflies and dragonflies. All parts are made of paper folded into an accordion.

Piggy bank of master classes on applications + interesting ideas

It's nice to know that made by children different types appliqués, such as appliqués made of torn valuable paper, or of corrugated material, - good memory. Yes, and irrefutable evidence that our little ones have talent. The child is developing. And in this we help him.

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3. Features of methods and techniques and methods of teaching preschool children applications

Synopsis of a collective lesson on applications in the middle group on the topic "Winter-winter"

Bibliography