Women's curls for medium hair. Permed hair. Perm types

Perm is the application of a special composition to the strands, which are pre-twisted in bobbin curlers

After curling, you do not need to spend a lot of time styling, since the hairstyle is practically formed and will last for several months.

Features of curling for short hair

Perm is the application of a special composition to the strands, which are pre-twisted in bobbin curlers. This procedure allows you to give the curls the desired shape. After aging on the strands of the chemical composition, a fixative is distributed from above, which fixes the curls.
There are sulfur bridges in the hair structure, which allow you to give the curls the desired shape.




Best haircuts for a perm on short hair Is a shortened cascade, an elongated bob or bob.

Before going to the hairdresser, you need to focus on the type of face shape. Curls are especially suitable for girls with an oval or round face.

Advice! Stylists do not recommend creating curls for haircuts such as bobs or asymmetrical hairstyles. Waves don't look very good with asymmetry. And when cutting a bob, the hair is very short, which is also not suitable for curls.

The benefits of curling

Curling for short strands has both advantages and disadvantages.




This procedure has the following advantages:

  • Visually, the strands look thicker and more voluminous.
  • Curls refresh any hairstyle.
  • The styling lasts a very long time.

Advice!After chemistry, it may appear bad smell, which will hold for about a week. Lemon juice, rosemary infusion and lavender water will help in this situation.



Possible options for short curls

Exists different kinds perm on short hair. Modern options can be divided into varieties according to the chemical composition, which is applied to the strands and according to other characteristics.

Root variant

This chemistry option allows you to create an excellent root volume. It is recommended for thin, thin and lacking curls.




The fixing fluid is distributed only to the roots. The root type of curling will create additional splendor and volume for the hairstyle.
With regrowth of hair, volume is gradually lost.

One of the modern, popular options for root perm is a procedure, the technology of which was developed by the Russian master Elena Glinka, which is called bust up. In fact, this is the consolidation of the corrugation effect by the chemical composition on very thin strands of the lower tier of hair. Corrugation takes place with the help of special non-metallic pins, on which the strands are arranged in the form of a figure eight. After curling, the upper smooth tier of hair falls to the corrugated lower tier, which maintains the desired volume. The advantages of this curling:

  • Long-term effect - from 3 to 6 months.
  • The chemical composition practically does not come into contact with the scalp.
  • Hair is lifted above the head due to corrugation and is less dirty, which means less often needs to be washed and styled.
  • The effect persists in any season and when wearing any headwear.

Disadvantages of boost up:

  • In the case of insufficient qualifications of the master, there is a high risk of serious damage to the hair.
  • When hair regrowth, you should be prepared for the fact that, as with any perm, the volume will gradually creep into the ears, so you have to either endure or cut off your hair.
  • Duration of the procedure and its high cost.
  • Not suitable for very short hair.

Acid procedure

The most aggressive way to create curls is acidic perm. for short hair. In the photo you can see different variants received hairstyles.

Though this procedure very harmful to the strands, but it is considered the most durable. The resulting effect can last up to six months. This option is recommended for women with oily hair.



Acid chemistry has the following features:

  • Special ingredients do not reveal hair scales.
  • Strong curls are created that last for a long time.
  • Hair does not swell as much as when exposed to alkaline drugs.

Advice! Acidic chemistry is not suitable for all hair types. Thin and soft strands can become too dry and brittle. Acid causes brittle curls.

Alkaline perm

The alkaline curling technique involves creating curls that can hold their shape for up to three months. A similar procedure is used for styling unruly curls. Alkaline components penetrate the hair structure and reveal their scales.




This method is faster than acidic. It is more gentle, as it does not require exposure to high temperatures. Care should be taken during the procedure. Such a drug should not be overexposed on curls.

This technique has certain features:

  • It is not used for hard strands, as the created effect will not last long.
  • When creating curls, there should be no strong tension on the hair so as not to damage them.

Advice!Preparations for this type of curling contain a high concentration of alkali. It is better if the procedure is carried out by an experienced master.


Large curls

You can use a perm on short hair with large curls. This option will overtake naturally. When creating large curls, it is important to choose the right diameter of the curler



Biowave

Advice!Biowave is simple, before it is done, the hair is washed with a special shampoo.



Carving

A great hairstyle is obtained with carving. This is a perm for short hair with a gentle effect. It is also called light chemistry. In this case, less damage is done to the hair.

A similar procedure is used to achieve root volume. The appearance lasts for two months.

Advice!This procedure can be used by those girls who are worried about the condition of their hair. The components used do not affect the hair structure. With regrowth of hair, there is no border of transition from curls to roots.




Spiral chemistry

Spiral curling differs in the way it is wound on curlers. In this case, papillotes, boomerangs, knitting needles and spiral curlers... Spiral chemistry allows you to create curls of different sizes and elasticity.

To create visible volume, you will need to form many spiral curls.

The strand to be rolled should be very thin.




This type of chemistry is recommended for thick hair. In this case, the bobbins are arranged vertically, and the strands are wound in a spiral. For this kind of curling, the effect of wet hair is suitable.

Advice! When using a hair dryer, you must use a diffuser and blow a wide air stream. If you dry it differently, your hair will loosen up.

Curling nuances

The final result depends not only on the product used, but also on the method of winding the strands.

The best option can be offered by the master, focusing on the shape of the face, hairstyle and hair structure.




Perm can be done in the following ways:

  • For thin and thin hair, creating curls at the ends of the strands is perfect. This option is considered the best solution for girls with a triangular face shape and cascading haircuts.

Advice! Curling hair should be dried immediately after washing, otherwise you will get an ugly lump of hair.

How to choose a wave?

The choice of waveform depends on the type of haircut. A bob or bob haircut looks great with small-diameter curls, spiral-shaped curls or curls at the ends of the hair. A cascading hairstyle looks great with large curls.



Chemistry allows further styling manipulations:

  • Uniform curls can be created using standard bobbins, and different wave sizes can be used to create pointed bobbins.

When choosing a suitable wave, it is worth considering the shape of the face. Waves are great for girls with an elongated face. If the face is rectangular or square, then it is better to prefer large curls horizontal type. Chubby women should consider an uneven curling option. That is, at the roots, the curls can be small, and larger downwards. Oval shape faces fit almost any kind of curling.

Uniform curls can be created using standard bobbins, and different wave sizes can be used to create bobbins that are pointed at the tip

Advice! If the shape of the chin is angular, then the hair should be curled only at the ends.

Perm for short hair: technique

The hair structure and its strength and elasticity are assessed. Curling is not performed if there are wounds and injuries on the head.


The hair structure and its strength and elasticity are assessed. Curling is not performed if there are wounds and injuries on the head

Also, a mandatory test is carried out before the procedure. Smear a little behind the ear with a curling compound. If after 15 minutes there is no rash, irritation and redness, then chemistry can be done. The retainer is subjected to a certain check. A small strand is smeared with it and checked for rupture.

Advice! Before a perm session, you need to take off your glasses, gold jewelry and protect the skin surface from the chemical solution.

How to make stylish curls at home?

Perming is considered a rather difficult procedure, but it can be done at home as well.

To do this, you will need to prepare special components, a comb, gloves, a sponge and curlers.

Curling is done in several stages:

 To restore hair, you will need special nourishing masks. They should contain collagen, panthenol and proteins.
  • It is necessary to regularly cut the ends and feed them with special solutions.
  • After curling, you need to use various irons, curling irons or hair dryers as rarely as possible.
  • Natural ingredients will help restore hair. Castor oil, olive oil or sesame oil is effective.
  • Do not perm during pregnancy, breastfeeding, or damaged hair, as well as with a tendency to allergies and exacerbations of various diseases.

High-quality perm is able to give originality and freshness to short haircuts. Stylish curls can create a feminine and romantic look. Suitable curls can be matched to any outfit and face shape.

What to choose perm for medium hair, photos confirm their originality, not many girls know. Today, salon masters offer a gentle procedure that causes minimal damage to the hair. But the strong opinion about the unfavorable effect of the compositions on the hair leads to the fact that they simply began to refuse from curling. Let's find out together, is it in vain?




Perm benefits




Advice!Don't be afraid to perm because of its negative effects on your hair. Just pay enough attention to restoring the strands. Then the curls will look soft and silky.



Disadvantages of a perm

In addition to the positive characteristics of the procedure, it is important to study negative sides and identify contraindications. The main disadvantage of the procedure is that it affects the structure of the strands, after which they lose their shine, become brittle and dry. You can only get rid of frizz with a haircut. But these imperfections are not so scary in order to create a beautiful hairstyle.




In order not to harm your health with a chemical procedure for curling hair, consider the following contraindications:

  • allergy sufferers should undergo a test for the tolerance of the components, so be sure to warn the master about the possibility of a side effect;
  • the curl turns out to be unstable in the period after menstruation and during breastfeeding, so it is better to postpone the procedure for some time until the favorable period;



  • if you are taking antibiotics or other strong medications, lick the procedure, otherwise the body may give an unexpected reaction;
  • refrain from visiting the hairdresser when you are slightly ill or have profuse hair loss;
  • hair reacts differently to stressful situations, so try to refrain from nerves and tantrums before or during a perm;
  • there is no guarantee as a result if you dyed before perm natural dye, for example, henna or basma.



Advice! On hair middle length small and large curls look equally good. Therefore, independently inform the master about your preferences in the salon.

Types of curls

Considering that the classical perm is considered the most harmful to the hair, since an aggressive composition is used during the technique, other types of procedures have been invented in salons. They aim to get the long-lasting effect of curly strands, but with minimal damage to them. Consider the types of curling.

  • Neutral- a universal curl that is suitable for all hair types. The effect lasts for 3-6 months, depending on the structure and strength of the strands.


  • Acidic- it is considered a gentle way by winding the strands, since the composition is based on a fixative of thioglycolic acid. Contraindication - soft and thin strands. After applying the product, the curls will stretch in the root zone and become shapeless. For girls with dry hair and sensitive skin, the procedure is also unlikely to work. The duration of the curling is one month, after which the procedure must be repeated again.

  • Alkaline perm recognized softer than the previous one. Plus, you will get more lasting results. The gentle composition reveals the hair scales and penetrates deep into the strand for 90 days. The effect will disappear after a month only if you have tight and heavy curls.
  • Amino acid perm is performed with the help of a fixing agent, which contains proteins and amino acids that contribute to the healing and enhancement of hair growth. The strands stay healthy and the resulting curls look incredibly natural. The disadvantage of the procedure is its fragility. Medium length hair will develop quickly due to its own weight.

  • Biowave does not contain aggressive components. They were replaced by the most similar products with the strand molecule. Therefore, as a result, you will get a lasting result and a natural shine of the hair.

  • Root perm designed for the volume and splendor of the hair. Depending on the chosen fixative, you can get the effect of chemistry for several weeks or months. This the best way to correct a curl that has already grown a little.
  • Silk curling contains silk proteins. They are designed to take care of hair and help to strengthen and restore it. If you had damaged strands before the procedure, they are excellently restored after exposure to silk. By the way, the curls are soft, elastic, last up to six months.

  • American procedure designed for large and bouncy curls. In this case, large curlers are used, which are fixed together with sharp teeth, so there are no creases on the strands.
  • African technique ideal for girls with rare and thin hair middle length. The master uses small spirals or papillotes. After them, a colossal volume is obtained. It's almost impossible to change your hairstyle. The procedure takes at least five hours.

  • Japanese procedure more useful than the previous ones, since it contains a lipid-protein cocktail. It helps to moisturize the hair and lasts for 2-6 months.

  • Carving- gentle curling of sparse hair of medium length. After the procedure, the hair becomes soft and lush. Hair in the root zone is lifted for a refreshing and rejuvenating look. You will not harm the strands, as with the classic perm. For thick strands, opt for large bobbins for a luxurious look.

  • Vertical chemistry great for medium length hair. The bobbins should be arranged vertically in a spiral. The result is an excellent wet hair effect.
  • Electric curling suitable only for processing healthy hair. Moistened curls are connected to a temperature-controlled device. The end result is light, soft curls.

As we can see, there are plenty of types of perm. They differ from each other in the composition of the mixtures and the duration of exposure. You can independently choose the type that suits you best.

Caring for hair after a perm

Photo curls are easy and playful only when given proper care. In order not to sacrifice your curls to fashion, observe these simple rules leaving.

  • Apply regenerating masks daily to restore the moisture balance of the hair. Just start treating curls with them no earlier than after the fourth shampooing. You can buy them as well as cook them yourself.
  • Trim the split ends immediately after perming. To prevent them from appearing while wearing chemistry, add to daily care oils and sprays against split ends.



  • In hot seasons, hide curled locks from the sun's rays. Otherwise, they will dry out and ruin your hair. Use a wide-brimmed hat or UV-protective spray.
  • After the procedure, you must not wash, dry and style your hair with fixing agents for 2-3 days.
  • Don't sleep with a wet head.



In addition to the listed general rules of care, there are also options for self-preparation of hair masks and conditioners. But, if you do not want to waste time on them, buy masks in specialized stores, where you are confident in the quality of the goods offered.




Advice! To prevent curls from straightening quickly, wear them loose. Hairstyles negatively affect the structure of the strands.

Perms for medium hair at home

If for some reason you do not want to visit the salon, but want to perm your hair, doing the procedure yourself is not the best solution. If you unevenly divide the hair into strands or wrap them unevenly on bobbins, you can spoil the hair structure. But for girls who are confident in themselves and are ready to do the curling on their own, we suggest studying the instructions for applying the formulations and the correct treatment of curls.




Prepare to do your self curling well. Stylists do not recommend dyeing your hair twenty days before the procedure. Also, take a skin sensitivity test beforehand. Choose the right curling product for your hair type. If, a few minutes after applying the composition to the strands, the curls begin to break, reduce the concentration of the drug by half. You will need the following tools:

  1. a comb with sparse teeth and a pointed tip;
  2. 50–80 hair curlers with a lock or bobbins;
  3. plastic containers;
  4. foam sponges;
  5. plastic clips;
  6. glass for measuring liquids;
  7. head bandage;
  8. 2-3 pairs of gloves;
  9. cellophane cap;
  10. two towels;
  11. ready-made sets for perm, for example, "Lokon";
  12. vinegar with a concentration of 6 or 9%;
  13. shampoo;
  14. balm for recovery;
  15. petroleum jelly or nourishing cream.



  • Divide the hair into several parts, treat each of them with a fixing agent. Then curl your hair in a row on the bobbins. As soon as all the strands are wound, they need to be covered with a polyethylene cap and the composition should be kept for up to 20 minutes. Pay attention to the condition of your hair. On a normal form, the composition remains 15-17 minutes, on a hard one - 10-12 minutes.
  • When the time for holding the composition on the hair has passed, spin a few bobbins to determine the degree of curl. If the effect is minimal, roll your hair again and leave it under the cap.
  • If you like the degree of "chemistry" without removing the curlers, rinse the composition from your hair. Try not to mix the strands together. Remove any remaining moisture with a towel.
  • Neutralize the chemical with a special compound. How to prepare it is indicated on the instructions for the preparation. Dampen each section and let it sit for 10 minutes.
  • Rinse hair with fixative solution. Then comb them and lay them down.



Please note that you may not be able to handle the procedure yourself. Therefore, it is better to visit a beauty salon.

We can summarize what has been said. Perm has pros and cons, like any other procedure to change the structure of hair. Nevertheless, its contraindications are not too serious. Therefore, if you have healthy hair, you can safely switch to bright and funny curls.


Is of a short-term nature. In an effort to get the long-lasting effect of wavy hair, many girls use "chemistry". At proper care beautiful curls last for several months. They can turn out small, elastic or natural, slightly curly - it all depends on your desire. A voluminous perm of hair looks very impressive; large curls are suitable for owners of hair of different lengths. When planning to perform the procedure at home, you need to take into account many important nuances and prepare correctly.

What's happened

  • protect curls from ultraviolet radiation, mechanical damage with metal hairpins, combs;
  • walk more often with loose curls, avoid tight braids and tails;
  • eat more fish (helps to strengthen hair, prevents hair loss).

Pros and cons

Advantages of the procedure:

  • large curls are stylish and relevant at all times;
  • curls keep their shape in any weather;
  • there is a saving of time - it is not possible to do styling every day;
  • thin hair gains pomp, volume;
  • oily strands cease to shine, since chemistry dries them;
  • styling curls is easy;
  • additional volume appears in the hair.

Disadvantages of perming hair for large curls:

A large perm looks great on different strands, which is why it is so in demand in all its variants and manifestations. Many girls choose beautiful body waves or curls that fit perfectly into any look: casual or festive.

For women, everything is very simple: long strands - to cut, short - to grow, curly - to smooth, and straight - to wind! Have you just decided to make curly hair? Wet chemistry, which came into vogue at the end of the 20th century, is in great demand among women of all ages. We offer you to find out what the procedure consists of and to whom it is suitable.

What is Wet Chemistry?

Wet chemistry is a special styling that is performed using special products. How to make a wet chemistry effect? After curling, the curls are treated with gel, varnish, foam or mousse only from the middle of the length, but the root part is left without composition. As a result, we get very stylish hairstyle- the roots create volume, and the ends look like a woman was caught in a recent summer rain. Modern wet curling allows you to get bouncy and shiny curls. At the same time, the hair itself looks very natural, well-groomed and beautiful.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Wet Curling

This hairstyle has many important advantages:

  • Resistant root volume without hair frizz;
  • Saving time and energy on a daily basis for styling. Even without complex manipulations, the hairstyle looks very beautiful;
  • Reducing the fat content of the strands;
  • Naturalness;
  • Versatility - this curling option can be done for any type and length of hair;
  • Modern chemical compositions for chemistry not only do not harm the health of the strands, but also affect them on the good side.

But the disadvantages include the following:

  • The effect of wet chemistry lasts from several weeks to 6 months (depending on individual characteristics hair and aggressiveness of the composition);
  • There is a high risk of mechanical injury to the strands;
  • Heavy and thick hair is not susceptible to composition;
  • The procedure is not suitable for newly painted hair (more than 2 weeks should pass);
  • Before chemistry, you will have to freshen the ends a little.

Advice! Wet chemistry is considered a rather expensive procedure, so you should consult with an experienced technician before performing it. Otherwise, money could be wasted.

Wet curling types

Experts distinguish two types of wet-effect chemistry. Let's consider each of them.

Vertical or spiral

Vertical wet curling is performed exclusively on long hair... To obtain "spirals", the strands are twisted into a bundle and wound on bobbins in the form of cones. It is very important that the turns fit tightly to each other and have the same direction of movement. As a result, we get beautiful large curls.

Japanese

Japanese chemistry is ideal for problematic hair (medium or very long) or sensitive skin. In the process of wrapping, a lipid-protein complex is used, thanks to which the curls become shiny and elastic. The curling itself is performed using a plastic cap with small holes. The composition processes only those strands that stretch through these holes, so the scalp remains intact. The curl size is medium.

Attention! Wet chemistry is categorically not suitable for plump stately women, as well as owners of too much oily hair... In this case, she will only once again emphasize their sloppy appearance.

Compositions for creating wet chemistry

Compositions for creating such a hairstyle are divided into several types:

  1. Acids - are in great demand due to their long duration (about six months). Acid formulations are contraindicated in rare and thin strands.
  2. Alkalis - are more gentle (curls last about 4.5 months). Can be safely applied on any type of hair.
  3. Neutral - they treat the hair very carefully, but they reduce the period of "curliness" to 3 months.
  4. Biowave - has a long-lasting effect and makes the hair well-groomed and healthy. The mixture for biowaving consists of natural ingredients and does not contain ammonia.
  5. Amino acids - used for carving, light wet curling. In addition to the beautiful appearance, the strands receive additional treatment and nutrition. The harm from this procedure is reduced to almost zero.

Advice! When choosing a composition, listen to the opinion of the master. He will assess the condition of your hair and help you make the best decision.

Home curling procedure

How to do wet chemistry at home? In fact, there is nothing difficult about this, just follow these instructions and stock up on all the necessary materials:

  • Waterproof cape;
  • Cone-shaped bobbin curlers;
  • Comb with a sharp tip and frequent teeth;
  • Non-metallic container for mixing the composition;
  • Clamp;
  • Sponge;
  • Towels;
  • Latex gloves;
  • Vinegar 9 or 6%;
  • Cap for insulation;
  • Balm.

In the following video, you can familiarize yourself with the step-by-step perm for hair at home:

Step 1. First, carry out an allergy test - apply a small amount of the chemical composition to the inner surface of the wrist. Wait 10-15 minutes and wash it off with water. If the treated skin area is not reddened or covered with a rash, feel free to continue on.

Step 2. On the day of curling, wash your hair with your usual laundry soap- it is advisable to do it twice. The soap will loosen the structure of the hair and enhance the possible effect.

Step 3. Dry the strands slightly.

Step 4. Starting from the back of the head, divide the hair into small squares - their width should be equal to the length of the curler. Fix each of them so that they do not interfere with work.

Step 5. Wind these strands onto thin bobbins, carefully wrapping them around their axis. Secure the curlers with rubber clips. For haircuts with bangs, there are two options - it is better to leave a short bang straight, but an elongated one can be twisted along with the rest of the hair.

Step 6. Lubricate the skin along the hairline with any greasy cream, and wrap it on top with a towel twisted into a tourniquet.

Step 7. Put gloves on your hands and throw a plastic wrap over your shoulders.

Step 8. Mix the wet chemistry according to the instructions.

Step 9. Immediately apply it to your head using a regular sponge. Make sure that the composition lies evenly.

Step 10. Wrap your head with an insulating cap and wait for the time indicated in the instructions.

Step 11. Without removing the bobbins, wash off the first composition with running water.

Step 12. Apply the fixative for 10 minutes.

Step 13. Carefully remove the curlers and leave the strands loose for about 5 minutes.

Step 14. Wash the strands thoroughly with shampoo and rinse them with a mild vinegar solution.

We hope this instruction with a photo will help you to carry out the procedure of home curling according to all the rules.

Important! It is better not to wash your hair for 3 days.

As you can see, self-practice of wet chemistry is available to any of you. For him you only need free time and certain skills. The main thing is not to get carried away! Despite the fact that preparations for wet curling have a rather mild effect, hair after them can become coarse and unruly.

Advice! For wrapping, use wooden or polymer bobbins, as they do not react to chemicals. And one more thing - before the procedure, it is worth treating the hair with special means - serums, balms, masks, etc.

Wet chemistry on short hair

Wet curling is most often done on short hair. It will be perfect if you follow these very simple tips:

  • Before the procedure, be sure to wash your hair with shampoo. This will remove sebum and make curls tighter and firmer;
  • Wind the strands from roots to ends - this will increase the strength of the curls;
  • For symmetrical styling, place the bobbins evenly;
  • The density of the rows of curlers should be maximized.

Important! The elasticity of the curls depends on several factors - individual predisposition, the exposure time of the composition, the quality of the drugs used and the air temperature in the room (above 20 degrees).

Wet curling for medium to long strands

When creating chemistry for long and medium hair, you need to use gentle products that do not harm their health and structure. It is advisable to use replenishing drugs. As for fixing the curls, it is better to take varnish or foam.

How to care for hair after a wet curl?

Proper care of curls after wet chemistry is one of the main conditions for a beautiful stylish hairstyle. In order for the curls after the procedure to delight you with elasticity and health for a long time, heed the advice of experienced specialists:

  • For shampoo, choose a good healing shampoo, moisturizing conditioner, and nourishing mask- they will quickly restore all possible damage, heal the hair and return its natural shine. This is especially true for those who have curled long hair. For them, you need to use a stronger composition, and the procedure time will be much longer, so a long hair needs additional recharge;
  • Apply shampoo only to the scalp and root. You should not worry about the rest of the length - it will be perfectly washed out with the remnants of the rinsed off agent;
  • Permed hair is very dry, therefore it is necessary to dry it only naturally. Blot wet curls with a towel, but do not rub or wrinkle them - this is the best thing you can do;
  • Do not comb wet curls - wait until they are completely dry;
  • Do not go to bed with a wet head - there will be creases on the curls.

There are at least a dozen types of perm, and it is not so easy to give preference to the most optimal. Modern types of perm for hair are more gentle than those that were used in the last century, and do not cause such severe harm.

There are not so many ways to perm, so choosing the most optimal one for yourself is not so difficult. It all depends on what kind of curls you want to get - soft waves, vertical spirals, or simply increase the volume of the hairstyle by making the "chemistry" only on the hair roots.

What types of perm and hair curling methods are, you will find out on this page and can choose the most appropriate one. You will also see a photo of what perms are, and get acquainted with their description.

Acid type of hair perm

Acid perm is by far the most popular and long-lasting technology for perming hair. It stays on the hair for up to 6 months. The active component of the preparation for acidic perm is glyceryl monothioglycolate. The pH of this composition is lower than that of alkaline, and ranges from 6.9 to 7.2 pH.

Although acid perm is not completely harmless and safe, it has a significant advantage over other technologies. The curling agent penetrates deep into the hair through the outer layer of the scales, but does not reveal the scales themselves. In the language of physics, this process is called osmosis. Acid perm is accompanied by exposure high temperature, due to which strong curls are created.

Preparations for chemical acid curling, unlike alkaline ones, do not cause strong swelling of the hair, so the strands can be wrapped and fixed with a certain tension. Without tension, the curls will have different shapes and will be weak. As a result, the curl turns out to be quite tough and lasts for several months.

Unfortunately, this method of perm is not suitable for everyone. Thin and soft hair under the influence of drugs stretches at the roots and does not keep its shape well. In addition, acid makes hair more brittle. If you decide to give preference to acidic hair perm among all types of perm, remember that this method is unsafe for owners of sensitive scalp and brittle dry hair.

Alkaline hair perm

The pH of alkaline curling products is between 8 and 9.5. An alkaline perm is less durable than an acidic perm. It lasts for about 3 months. Alkaline perm is used mainly for styling unruly hair. They also do it in the event that the client's perm was previously weak. This perm method produces a tighter curl. After an alkaline curl, the curls are elastic and natural.

The active component of the alkaline curling composition is ammonium thioglycolate. It is a chemical compound that is formed by the reaction of glycolic acid with ammonia. Alkaline curling preparations penetrate into the hair, revealing the cuticle scales. This type of curling is faster than acid curling. In addition, it is safer for the hair as it does not require high temperatures. Of course, the drug should in no case be kept on the hair for longer than the time specified in the instructions.

Analyzing what are the types of perm, and choosing the more acceptable for yourself, know that alkaline perm affects the hair softer. But it does not suit all hair. For example, on straight, coarse and heavy hair, alkaline perm holds up worse and fades after 1.5 months.

The concentration of alkali in the curling product is high. Therefore, the master needs the skill of working with such preparations in order to avoid damage to the hair structure and chemical burns the scalp of the client.

Tint paints do not paint over gray hair, so if you want to know how it will look when buying them new shade, keep in mind: your appearance will not be exactly the same as when painted with permanent paint.

This type of perm hair requires curling or wrapping. Under the influence of alkali, the hair noticeably increases in volume. If they are wrapped with too much tension, the drug will not be distributed evenly and the hair will be damaged.

As you can see in the photo, when performing this type of perm, the hair must be wrapped around the bobbins without strong tension, but so that they fit snugly to the surface of the curler.

Perm type with thioglycolic acid

This type of perm is considered gentle. Hair during chemical treatment does not swell as sharply as with acid or alkaline perm. It can even be done on dyed hair. However, the effect will be short-lived. Perm with thioglycolic acid begins to wear off after a month.

Neutral type of perm for hair (with photo)

The pH of the neutral curling product is 7.4. Formulations for such curling are made taking into account water-repellent (hydrophobic) zones and zones that absorb excess liquid more easily. A neutral perm balances these differences. With this type of perm, the hair does not swell too much and is relieved of additional stress. The curl obtained as a result of a neutral perm is quite persistent, but outward appearance it is different from alkaline.

Pay attention to the photo: this type of perm for hair provides strong, bouncy curls that look natural:

Neutral curls are suitable for all curls, even very soft ones.

What kind of perm to make: amino acid perm

The preparation for amino acid curling is based on amino acids and proteins. If you have not yet decided what kind of perm to do, you can choose this method, as it provides a gentle procedure, minimizes the damage that chemicals cause to hair.

In addition, amino acids and proteins nourish and heal hair. Curls are soft and natural. However, amino acid curling of hair cannot be classified as persistent. Therefore, it is not recommended to do it on coarse, long and heavy hair: under the influence of its own weight, such hair develops even faster than others.

A modern look for hair perm with silk proteins

This modern look Permed hair with silk proteins is also called silk curling, or silk wave. Silk proteins are a part of preparations for such curling. They improve the condition of the hair. Such chemistry is useful even for bleached hair.

Look at the photo of this type of perm for hair: the curls are soft and last for about 2 months:

For long-lasting silk protein curling, it is recommended to use it on short or medium length hair. Then they will not straighten under their own weight.

Biowave is a type of perm for hair

Hair biowaving is a relatively new and already very fashionable type of perm. Today, this type of perm is considered one of the safest. main feature preparations for biowave is that they do not contain ammonia, hydrogen peroxide and thioglycolic acid. Instead, a drug is used that is similar to hair molecules. The curls are long-lasting and natural, and the hair looks healthy and well-groomed.

Chemical bio-waving of hair lasts from 3 to 6 months. On the curly hair perm can last up to 9 months.

This type of perm is carried out in three stages. First, the hair is wound on curlers and treated with a special curling compound. At this stage, the hair is saturated with protein. Then the master applies the following composition, which causes thickening of the protein that soaked the hair in the first stage. Finally, the hair is treated with a third composition to restore the normal acid-base balance and fix curls.

For biowaving, curlers of different diameters are used, which allows you to adjust the size of the curls. To make your hairstyle look more natural, you can use curlers of several diameters at the same time.

Best of all, biowave is obtained on normal or oily hair. It is not recommended to perform such a perm on dry, damaged, brittle, discolored hair, in case of baldness. The end result of biowaving largely depends on the professionalism of the hairdresser, as well as on the quality of the preparations used to treat the hair.

What are the perm: hair carving (with photo)

If you are interested in how there are still perms, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with a new method. Hair carving is a technology for treating hair with a special chemical composition for further shaping it. Although chemical preparations are used for it, this type of perm cannot be classified as chemical.

As you can see in the photo, hair carving raises the curls at the roots, due to which the hairstyle acquires splendor:

Hair curling carving allows you to get fine curls, imitate vertical chemistry, slightly curl the ends of the hair or curl the entire head of hair into curls. If you wish, you can create a sense of carelessness - the so-called "artistic disorder". It is no coincidence that this type of curling is called "long-term styling".

Compared to conventional perm technologies, carving is the safest for hair. The hairstyle created with the help of carving lasts for 1-2 months. After this period, the hair gradually straightens. A well-made carving does not damage the hair, and when the curls come off, there will be no trace of the curling.

How to curl hair carving

How carving is done and how long this procedure takes are questions of concern to many. On average, this method of curling will take you about 1.5 hours. The master applies to the hair chemical composition and curls the strands with curlers, shaping the hairstyle. After the allotted time, the curlers are removed, the hair is washed, styled and dried.

Like any other curling technology, carving has its limitations. It is inappropriate to perform it on long, thick, coarse and heavy hair, as they quickly straighten under their own weight.

Carving is useful for those with oily hair. Thanks to it, the hair will dry out and will look neater.

No matter how safe the carving technology is, it is still associated with the treatment of hair with chemicals. Therefore, the procedure is not recommended for weak, thin, streaked or bleached hair.

It is best to carve hair that is not too long, strong and healthy enough to handle the treatment normally. Hair should also be soft enough to be frizzy.

American way of curling hair

The end result of a perm depends on the chosen method of curling the hair. The hairdresser determines the optimal method, focusing on the client's hairstyle, the structure and condition of his hair, the shape of the face, and the figure. There are several methods of curling your hair.

The American way of curling hair is usually performed on long hair and hair of medium length. Hair is wound on special curlers or knitting needles. Curls are large, firm and natural looking.

Such a perm is very suitable for people with large facial features, as the curls frame the face well. The advantage of this wrapping method is that as the hair grows back, the border between the curled and non-curled part of it remains almost invisible. However, "American chemistry" is not cheap.

Type of hair wrapping antichemistry and his photo

The anti-chemistry of hair is straightening curls. This type of hair curling is performed on curls that are naturally curly. It also allows you to correct the shortcomings of a conventional perm in the event that the curls are too steep. To perform anti-chemistry, a perm solution is applied to the hair, and then during the period of the drug's action, the hair is constantly combed with a comb.

As you can see in the photo of this type of wrapping, the hair does not become absolutely smooth, but it straightens significantly:

Chemical wave wellaformer

Wellaformer is not the name of the perm method, but the device with which it is performed. Wellaformer is a latex bag in which strands of hair are placed. The pouches shrink, causing the hair to frizz. This perm is suitable for medium length hair or slightly longer.

Vertical perm of hair and its photo

Vertical perm is suitable for long hair. Long spiral curlers are used to create it.

Pay attention to the photo: with vertical perm, the bobbin is placed vertically in relation to the surface of the head and a strand is wound on it from the roots to the ends. Then the curlers are fixed.

Vertical perm hair looks very nice, but it has a serious drawback. As the hair grows back, the line between curled and loose areas becomes more visible. Therefore, hair with regrown vertical chemistry requires complex care.

Horizontal chemical hair curling (with photo)

Horizontal perm is the most common method for curling with bobbins of all sizes. The bobbins are placed horizontally in relation to the base of the strand. This placement is observed on all parts of the head.

As you can see in the photo, with horizontal perm, the strands are wound from the ends to the base:

Double winding for a perm

Double curling with a perm is performed on long hair. In order for the curls to turn out more intense, the root part of the strand must be wound on bobbins of a smaller diameter.

The bobbins should be wound towards each other, then the strands will be evenly curled along their entire length. Each strand is separated with a zigzag parting, carefully combed and wound.

Perm method for hair ends

The method of perming the hair ends is excellent for fine and thin hair, cut with a cascade. Such a perm makes the hair lush, facilitates the further styling of the hairstyle. The curled ends of the hair also help to visually expand the triangular face from below.

Perm on papillotes (with photo)

Papillots are soft bobbins. The result of a perm on papillots differs from perm on conventional hard bobbins. With the help of papillotes, you can get soft, natural curls without creases at the ends of the strands.

With this method of wrapping, the strand is separated by a zigzag parting, combed and wrapped around a papillote, trying to get as close to the scalp as possible. The ends of the papillotes are folded into a ring to secure the wound strand.

As you can see in the photo, curling on papillotes begins with strands combed from the edge line of hair growth:

The first three papillotes are placed on the forehead and temples. The hairs of the occipital zone are wound from the neck to the crown along the contour so that the subsequent rows of papillotes are easily placed inside this contour. As a result, the papillotes are arranged around the head in tiers, moving from the neck to the crown.

Spiral curling on papillotes is performed on medium-length hair. Hair begins to curl from the back of the head. With vertical parting, the hair is divided into thin strands, which are wound on bobbins in a spiral, moving from the bottom up. Difficulties may arise due to different hair lengths. To avoid them, use pieces of paper. Papillotes are fixed with an L-shaped bend.

Perm method at hair roots

Perm at the hair roots is performed on short haircuts that need to be given volume. This method of wrapping is also used to correct the hairstyle, if the previously curled hair has already grown back, and the curls have not yet come off. In the latter case, the hair is wrapped in curlers and covered with a weaker composition. Only the root part of the hair is chemically treated.

Perming at the roots can also be performed on straight hair to add volume or dry problem areas.

Unfortunately, the effect of this curling is short-lived. The hair grows back and the curled part moves down from the root zone.

Trapezoidal curling for a perm

Trapezoidal curling with a perm allows you to add extra volume to the hair around the face, but at the same time it practically does not increase the splendor of the hair on the crown and in the root zone.

Hair is wound starting from the lower occipital zone. The first strand is separated from the edge line of hair growth and wound on a bobbin to the very base. A frame is attached to this bobbin. It is needed in order to hold the rest of the bobbins in the shape of a trapezoid.

Subsequent strands are wound not along the entire length, but depending on the future hairstyle. The previous strands should overlap the subsequent ones.

French bubble perm method

The French bubble method of perm was first proposed by the famous French company "L'Oreal". The peculiarity of this method lies in the fact that before applying to the hair, the perm composition is whipped into a foam.

Hence the name of the method - "bubble". Thanks to the foam, the required temperature regime for curling is provided, and the hair is saturated with oxygen, which is formed when the preparation is whipped. The curls are very natural, so this curling method is recommended even for men.