One of the main requirements when choosing a bag is its durability. With active everyday use, the owner naturally expects that the purchased model will not change its shape, will not change its color, will not paint over things, and will be quite durable. It all depends on the type of leather and the technology of its manufacture.

Usually, bags are sewn from various animal skins: cattle (buffalo, bull, calf), sheep, pigs. More exotic materials are often used - crocodile, snake, ostrich or stingray leather.

Accessories made of exotic leather are quite expensive and do not have a long service life, but their main task is to confirm the high status of the owner and to attract attention.

Pigskin is practically not used in the manufacture of bags and accessories, as it is rather tough and does not stretch well, and cracks appear in it.

For everyday use, it is better to choose a bag made of bovine or calf leather, it is also marked with the abbreviation cattle. The thickness of this material is usually from 1 to 2.5 mm, which ensures its high strength. The leather looks good, and over time a "patina" forms on the surface, which gives it a more sophisticated look. Sometimes you can find information about tanning - this is the process of impregnating leather with various tannins, this is necessary for the strength and plasticity of future products.

Oiled nubuck is also a popular material for making bags. To the touch, it is a finely fleecy material obtained by grinding with fine abrasive materials, which, after grinding, is impregnated with a special substance on oil based.

Smooth skin

It is made from high quality leather types with an even texture, skins of young cattle are used. When finishing, it is not sanded, only the wool is removed - thus it is preserved natural look front surface. The pores remain in their natural state: the skin "breathes" and, at the same time, the service life of the product increases. Products made from this material are more durable. In the process of wearing, a natural “patina” appears on the surface of the product and it becomes more beautiful every year. The highest quality furniture, bags and shoes are made from this kind of leather.

Nappa leather

Nappa is a thin and soft semi-aniline (aniline is the highest quality leather of all varieties - it is characterized by traces caused by nature, for example, scars and different color shades) tanned leather with good elasticity and an even shiny or matte color. This is a material with good decorative properties, which has many different options - nappa can be with special perforation or have smooth surface... The only characteristic that remains unchanged is the reliability and high quality of such material.

This variety is made from the skins of young and adult animals. The skins are double tanned, which also increases the softness of this type of leather. Nappa is an extremely soft and resilient material commonly used to make high quality wallets, toiletry sets, and expensive business bags.

Cattle leather

Calfskin is considered the highest quality and most valuable. It is used to make shoes, clothes, belts, accessories, upholstery, and is also an affordable and popular material for making bags. Production includes chrome and vegetable tanning. Calfskin accessories are very elegant and do not wear out for a long time.

The finishing process includes only light polishing - harsh influences can damage its natural beauty. This variety does not crack at low temperatures, does not break at kinks, has optimal softness, high strength characteristics and natural texture. The bag made of cattle leather perfectly withstands heavy loads and perfectly "breathes".

Buffalo skin

Buffalo skin - in terms of its main characteristics, it is very close to bovine, but the skins also have large size and an interesting "harvested" texture. They are often vegetable tanned.

Pull-Up Leather

These are types of leather that have been treated with oils, waxes and dyes so that they become lighter when pulled. It is considered a high quality variety, usually represented by the Ashwood Leather and Gianni Conti brands.

Leather floater

Floter (sometimes written as Flotter) is soft skin drum dyeing with uniform packing. Resistant to wet and dry abrasion - ideal for bulk bags.

Leather Crust

Crust - leather with a natural front pattern of drum dyeing (through-dyeing) without additional surface treatment. Quality crust is difficult to distinguish from smooth varieties.

Oiled leather

Oiled leather is a finely fleecy material that, after grinding, is impregnated with a special oil-based substance. The use of such leather in production is distinctive feature brand Visconti.

Saffiano leather

Saffiano or as it is also called saffiano - calfskin with hot diagonal embossing. The drawing is applied with a special machine for 10-15 seconds at a temperature of 165 degrees Celsius. After processing, it is covered with a special wax, which then protects it from scratches and dirt.

Leather is made by tanning animal skins, turning the skin into a durable, reliable material. Leather in the usual sense is not yet such until it has undergone a tanning procedure.

Aniline leather

The most expensive type of leather due to the selection of exclusive skins. The leather is dyed in special baths and does not have any pigment coating. This allows the skin to breathe. Each aniline leather product is unique. On its surface you can see unique marks that can tell a lot about themselves.

Pros: The most natural skin type. Very soft and gentle to the touch. Stays warm and cozy in winter and cool and breathable in summer.

Cons: Such leather does not have a protective coating, therefore it absorbs moisture well, and is also prone to staining and fading. This can be avoided by sticking to our year-round skincare plan.

The drawing shows the untreated surface of the leather without any protective coating.

Semi-aniline leather

This type of leather is identical to aniline leather, but it has a thin protective layer that helps to resist impurities. Some of the natural markings on the skin are still visible, but not in the same way as on aniline leather.

Pros: This leather is easy to clean and maintain. It is pleasant, soft to the touch, and natural marks are visible on it. It is often two-tone.

Cons: No particular downsides other than looking less natural than aniline leather.

The surface of semi-aniline leather is covered with a thin layer of pigment.

Dyed leather

This type of leather is dyed by spraying a special dye, so it is evenly colored and perfectly protected from dirt and moisture. Very often, such leather undergoes a preliminary embossing procedure, during which a special texture is given to its surface.

Pros: Such leather is resistant to wear and tear. It is easy to clean and maintain. The paint is evenly distributed on the surface and all the "defects" of the skin are hidden.

Cons: This skin hardly breathes. The artificial surface texture makes it look less natural.

A thick layer of pigment is applied to the surface of the dyed leather.

Baikast (BiCast)

Such leather is covered with a thin polyurethane film. It is wear resistant and easy to clean.

Pros: Baikast leather is easy to clean and maintain. It has a uniform color and high resistance to sunlight.

Cons: There is no natural texture on the surface, so the skin does not look very natural. Tactilely resembles plastic and practically does not breathe, which causes discomfort when used in the summer.

A polyurethane film is glued to the surface of the Baikast skin.

Pull-Up

Very natural skin type. The leather is treated in such a way that over time it begins to look slightly worn out, as it brightens when stretched.

Pros: This skin has a natural appearance, soft and pleasant to the touch.

Cons: Difficult to clean and gets dirty easily. However, these problems can be avoided by following our Year Round Skin Care Plan.

The picture shows leather well saturated with waxes and oils.

Nubuck

The skin undergoes grinding, as a result of which it acquires a fleecy surface.

Pros: The skin has a natural appearance, soft and pleasant to the touch.

Cons: Nubuck is difficult to care for as the leather does not have a protective coating. It is highly susceptible to contamination. However, you can easily deal with these challenges if you follow our Year Round Skin Care Plan.

Suede: This is a split, the surface of which is sanded. In this case, the surface becomes fleecy. Unlike suede, nubuck is a polished face layer of hide. The surface of suede will always have a rougher texture, like carpet, and nubuck, like corduroy.

The leather is specially sanded to create a fleecy surface.

Split

The skin of the animal is cut into several layers.

The top layer is called the front layer, the bottom - split.

The split is not very strong, so it is used for the side and rear segments of furniture upholstery, some elements of footwear, and workwear. Sometimes an artificial texture is applied to the split, and then it is covered with a layer of pigment.

Brief description of skin types

Aniline (natural)

This leather has a surface painted with transparent dyes. This transparency makes it look like painted wood. Indeed, the grain remains natural and well visible. If aniline leather has defects, then it is like natural marks, which means that each skin is one of a kind. Such skin has minimal protection of the surface layer, that is, it is most sensitive when used.

In order for the skin to retain its natural beauty, daily care is absolutely essential for it - cleaning and protection from the very first day.

SPECIFICATIONS

• natural look;
• pleasant to the touch;
• natural grain and tags;
• extremely comfortable and “breathable”.

Semi-aniline

This skin is covered with a slightly pigmented layer, which makes its color more uniform and hides its minor defects. Transparent and shiny colors are sprayed on top of the skin, which recreates its natural color. This leather also has a very weak protective layer, and therefore the use of the "Leather Protector" is recommended.

SPECIFICATIONS

• natural granular surface;
• pleasant to look at and touch;
• more resistant to light;
• more practical than aniline;
• "Breathes easily".

Pigmented skin

Pigmentation is the most widely used finishing technique for leather, which consists of creating a uniform surface based on pigments and resin to which a protective coating is applied. Such skin can be recognized by its dense, uniform color. It's ideal for everyday leather items like furniture or car seats, especially when you let your kids in without worrying about them.

With the help of the products of the "FENICE" company, things made of this leather can easily maintain their appearance. If necessary, the color of these things is completely restored.

SPECIFICATIONS

• thick color;
• more resistant to light;
• good masking of defects;
• easy to clean.

Nubuck leather

This leather is essentially aniline-dyed leather that has been sand-polished to give it a fine hairiness. This skin has an incomparable look and feel. It is very good for things that are not everyday things.

When caring for nubuck, it is important from the outset to organize its daily protection alternately with regular cleaning. The FENICE company produces special products intended for the care of nubuck and its daily protection. It is very important that such skin is protected by products created exclusively for this purpose.

SPECIFICATIONS

• velvet effect in appearance and touch;
• very comfortable;
• soft and airy to the touch.

PullUp leather

Fashion comes and goes, but waxed fatty skins are always with us. Everyone knows the term "pull up", which was originally used to describe the effect inherent in leather, known as "Timberland", after a famous shoemaker made it famous. This type of skin becomes lighter after stretching and all kinds of bending, in general, after "pull up" operations.

SPECIFICATIONS

• sensual, pleasant to the touch;
• stylish;
• has a unique, striking look.

Bycast leather

Leather of this type presents a completely different type of processing and improvement of the quality of the leather (usually forked or heavily abraded leather) while maintaining the same thickness and softness. The method of processing consists in creating a finishing film overlaid on a continuous peel-off paper backing. Previously, an adhesive is applied to the film, after which it is pressed onto the skin. The backing paper is then removed and the leather surface appears perfectly even and smooth.

Often, when the Bycast leather is stretched, its color becomes lighter, and when released, it returns to its original density. On this basis, this type of skin is sometimes recognized.

SPECIFICATIONS

• durable;
• evenly colored appearance.

Natural labels

It should be borne in mind that not all skin imperfections require removal or repair because some skin has natural marks and imperfections, including:

• traces of the burned-out brand,
• color changes,
• marks from droppings,
• healed scars and scars,
• insect bite marks,
• natural wrinkles,
• pores.

However, the following imperfections can be removed from the surface of the skin with the use of products manufactured by FENICE:

• various pollution,
• stains from ballpoint pens, felt-tip pens and markers,
• dry, hard or otherwise defective mechanical areas,
• scuffs and scratches,
• fatty spots - from the sweat of the skin of humans, animals,
• mold stains,
• food stains
• cracking;
• areas with discoloration, wear

Instructions for solving problems associated with this type of repair are given on the following pages of this manual, just first determine the type of skin.

Leather for special shoes is designed to protect the feet from different impacts the environment as well as in production. Among the protective leather for special shoes, leather for construction shoes, leather for tourist shoes, leather for safety shoes, leather for the military, etc.

Yuft leather. Leather yuft

The main material for the manufacture of special footwear is leather yuft. This is a leather of combined tanning, which is produced from pork or cattle hide. Yuft leather has its own special functional characteristics and properties that have good durability and environmental friendliness.

Shoe leather

Shoe leather has such a disadvantage as an indicator of aesthetics. That is why shoe leather is most in demand in the production of footwear for work in an aggressive environment in production and outdoors, or for army shoes. Shoe leather is thick, but soft leather with a very high fat content, highly resistant due to abundant fat content. Leather yuft is a waterproof material and has high wear resistance. But yuft leather is less elastic than chrome leather.

According to the method of finishing, yuft leather has both natural and artificial front surface, as well as with a bakhtarma finish, i.e. pile leather. By the thickness of the leather, yuft is thin, medium and, of course, thick. There is also a leather jacket for the top of the shoe.

Chrome leather - chrome tanned leather

Chrome skins have a higher price, i.e. chrome tanned leather. As a rule, work safety footwear is made of it.

Chrome tanned leather is more resistant to the harmful effects of various acids and alkalis. Chrome leather has a higher tensile strength. Chrome leather gets wet more slowly in humid conditions and dries faster. Another big plus of chrome tanned leather is that it has elasticity and softness due to the fact that tanning of the leather took an average of 10 hours in special rotating drums with chrome salts. Chrome-tanned leather is also more resistant to high temperatures, i.e. chrome leather is a very heat resistant material. In addition, chrome leather looks more aesthetically pleasing than yuft leather.

Therefore, chrome tanned leather is more popular leather for special footwear.

SPECIAL SHOES REFERENCES

Nubuck is hydrophobic. Pull-up leather

Hydrophobic nubuck - hydrophobic skin, which has a polished front surface, as well as a writing effect and a well-filled elastic organoleptic.

Thickness 1.8 mm - 2 mm, 2 mm - 2.2 mm.

Pull-up hydrophobic - hydrophobic skin, which also has a polished front surface. The pull-up leather has a fat wax finish. The pull-up is matte, and there is a certain lightening of the surface at the folds of this material for safety shoes.

Thickness 3.2mm - 3.6mm

In production, hydrophobic nubuck and pull-up leather are tested for hydrophobicity for six hours. Hydrophobic nubuck and pull-up leather are usually used for the manufacture of hiking shoes and footwear for outdoor activities.

Tulip

Tulip- leather for safety shoes, which has a natural front surface. Tulip leather is characterized by elasticity, matte surface and semi-aniline finish.

Tulip is a material for work and safety footwear, used, as a rule, in the manufacture of footwear in Russia. The Tulip article is available with small and large embossing.

Thickness 1.4mm -1.6mm, 1.6mm -1.8mm, 1.8mm -2.0mm.

Craft

Craft leather is used to make military footwear. During production, craft is subjected to the necessary tests for hydrophobicity and other indicators.

Craft- it is a hydrophobic skin also with a natural grain surface. Kraft leather is elastic, has a semi-aniline finish, matte surface ironing is done with a smooth roller.

Thickness 1.8 mm - 2.0 mm, 2.0 mm - 2.2 mm.

Floater (floater)

Floater (floater)- special leather that also has a natural facial surface. The floater features an emulsion coating. The flotter comes broken down in crust. The leather flotter has a large embossing pattern. Flotter has a moderately shiny surface.

The flotter is leather, as is the craft used to make army footwear.

Thickness 1.6mm - 1.8mm.

Floyd

Floyd is also a material for military shoes.

Floyd - leather with a polished front surface. Floyd comes with emulsion coating, no breakage. Floyd leather has a small embossing pattern. Floyd also has a moderately shiny surface.

Thickness 2.4 mm - 2.6 mm.

CrazyHorse(crazy horses)

Crazy Horse leather (Crazy Horses leather) is an article of leather for special footwear with a velvety surface. Crazy horse skin is quite unique in its own way outward appearance thanks to a special treatment that combines impregnation with various moisture-resistant compounds, as well as grinding. Crazy Horse leather appears to be uniformly frayed leather. When wet, Crazy Horse's skin darkens, but when it dries, it is restored to its original appearance. Crazy Horses also change color in places of bending or tension.

Thickness 2.0 mm - 2.2 mm.

All types of leather for special footwear are offered by our company to buy in bulk. To do this, it is enough to fill in, and our managers will contact you themselves.